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Stable minichromosome and functional neocentromere derived from rye 7R chromosome arm.
BMC Plant Biol
December 2024
College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China.
Background: The study of newly formed centromere with stable transmission ability can provide theoretical guidance for the construction of artificial chromosomes. More neocentromeres are needed to study the mechanisms of their formation.
Results: In this study, a minichromosome 7RLmini was derived from the progeny of wheat-rye 7R monosomic addition line.
The complete genome assembly of Nicotiana benthamiana reveals the genetic and epigenetic landscape of centromeres.
Nat Plants
December 2024
Shandong Key Laboratory of Precision Molecular Crop Design and Breeding, Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences in Weifang, Weifang, China.
Article Synopsis
- Nicotiana benthamiana is a key model organism in plant biology, and researchers have generated a complete genome assembly for the plant, which is 2.85 Gb in size.
- The study reveals that while Ty3/Gypsy retrotransposons are common in centromeres of the Solanaceae family, N. benthamiana surprisingly has many centromeres rich in satellite DNA, which are essential for their function.
- The findings suggest that new centromeres in N. benthamiana may form through processes involving neocentromere formation, satellite expansion, and the integration of mitochondrial DNA.
Context-dependent neocentromere activity in synthetic yeast chromosome .
Cell Genom
November 2023
Institute for Systems Genetics and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.
Pioneering advances in genome engineering, and specifically in genome writing, have revolutionized the field of synthetic biology, propelling us toward the creation of synthetic genomes. The Sc2.0 project aims to build the first fully synthetic eukaryotic organism by assembling the genome of .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe role of centromeric repeats and transcripts in kinetochore assembly and function.
Plant J
May 2024
Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, Corrensstrasse 3, D-06466, Seeland, Germany.
Centromeres are the chromosomal domains, where the kinetochore protein complex is formed, mediating proper segregation of chromosomes during cell division. Although the function of centromeres has remained conserved during evolution, centromeric DNA is highly variable, even in closely related species. In addition, the composition of the kinetochore complexes varies among organisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFlexible Attachment and Detachment of Centromeres and Telomeres to and from Chromosomes.
Biomolecules
June 2023
Laboratory of Chromosome Function and Regulation, Graduate School of Engineering, Kochi University of Technology, Kochi 782-8502, Japan.
Accurate transmission of genomic information across multiple cell divisions and generations, without any losses or errors, is fundamental to all living organisms. To achieve this goal, eukaryotes devised chromosomes. Eukaryotic genomes are represented by multiple linear chromosomes in the nucleus, each carrying a centromere in the middle, a telomere at both ends, and multiple origins of replication along the chromosome arms.
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