A computer analyzer is regularly used in the department of pathology in formalized macrodescription of the stomach. Advantages of this method are described.
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Invariants for neural automata.
Cogn Neurodyn
December 2024
Basque Center for Applied Mathematics, Bilbao, Spain.
Computational modeling of neurodynamical systems often deploys neural networks and symbolic dynamics. One particular way for combining these approaches within a framework called leads to neural automata. Specifically, neural automata result from the assignment of symbols and symbol strings to numbers, known as Gödel encoding.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPower Strokes in Molecular Motors: Predictive, Irrelevant, or Somewhere in Between?
J Am Chem Soc
December 2024
Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.
For several decades, molecular motor directionality has been rationalized in terms of the free energy of molecular conformations visited before and after the motor takes a step, a so-called power stroke mechanism with analogues in macroscopic engines. Despite theoretical and experimental demonstrations of its flaws, the power stroke language is quite ingrained, and some communities still value power stroke intuition. By building a catalysis-driven motor into simulated numerical experiments, we here systematically report on how directionality responds when the motor is modified accordingly to power stroke intuition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNot All Fluctuations Are Created Equal: Spontaneous Variations in Thermodynamic Function.
Entropy (Basel)
October 2024
Complexity Sciences Center and Department of Physics, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
We identify macroscopic functioning arising during a thermodynamic system's typical and atypical behaviors, thereby describing system operations over the entire set of fluctuations. We show how to use the information processing second law to determine functionality for atypical realizations and how to calculate the probability of distinct modalities occurring via the large-deviation rate function, extended to include highly correlated, memoryful environments and systems. Altogether, the results complete a theory of functional fluctuations for complex thermodynamic nanoscale systems operating over finite periods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToo fast and too furious: thermoanalytical and quantum chemical study of the thermal stability of 4,4'-dinitro-3,3'-diazenofuroxan.
Phys Chem Chem Phys
December 2024
Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics RAS, 4 Kosygina Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia.
Novel energetic materials (EM) often combine two intrinsically counter trends, , a high energy density and mediocre safety parameters, like thermal stability and sensitivity toward mechanical stimuli. A rational design of promising EMs requires a proper understanding of their thermal stability at both macroscopic and molecular levels. In the present contribution, we studied in detail the thermal stability of 4,4'-dinitro-3,3'-diazenofuroxan (DDF), an ultrahigh-performance energetic material with a reliable experimental detonation velocity being very close to 10 km s.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReal-space diffusion theory from quantum mechanics using analytic continuation.
Heliyon
October 2024
Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Azcapotzalco Campus, Av. San Pablo 420, Colonia Nueva el Rosario, Alcaldía Azcapotzalco, Mexico City, 02128, Mexico.
We show that a physical correspondence between Brownian motion and quantum mechanics can be established by formal analytic continuation if Wick rotation ( ) is replaced by the mirror symmetric, time transformation . Invariance of the square modulus of the wave function under this transformation reveals a tight connection between Born's interpretation of the probability density and the time , as being both the result of a time symmetry breaking in the informational content of the microscopic (quantum) world, which takes place as we move to a macroscopic level. We find that under the transformation , the Schrödinger equation and its complex conjugate conforms with a stochastic-mechanical model of the Brownian motion of a particle.
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