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MIIST305 mitigates gastrointestinal acute radiation syndrome injury and ameliorates radiation-induced gut microbiome dysbiosis.
bioRxiv
October 2024
Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
High-dose radiation exposure results in gastrointestinal (GI) acute radiation syndrome identified by the destruction of mucosal layer, intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction, and aberrant inflammatory responses. In addition, radiation causes gut microbiome dysbiosis characterized by diminished microbial diversity, reduction in the abundance of beneficial commensal bacteria, and the spread of bacterial pathogens that trigger the recruitment of immune cells and the production of pro-inflammatory factors that lead to further GI tissue damage. Currently, there are no FDA-approved countermeasures that can treat radiation-induced GI injury.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCombined effects of radiation and simulated microgravity on intestinal tumorigenesis in C3B6F1 Apc mice.
Life Sci Space Res (Amst)
May 2024
Gunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center, Gunma, Japan.
Explorations of the Moon and Mars are planned as future manned space missions, during which humans will be exposed to both radiation and microgravity. We do not, however, know the health effects for such combined exposures. In a ground-based experiment, we evaluated the combined effects of radiation and simulated microgravity on tumorigenesis by performing X-irradiation and tail suspension in C3B6F1 Apc mice, a well-established model for intestinal tumorigenesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFstudy of radiosensitivity in colorectal cancer cell lines associated with Lynch syndrome.
Front Public Health
April 2024
United Kingdom Health Security Agency, Department of Radiation Effects, Cytogenetics and Pathology Group, Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards Directorate, Didcot, United Kingdom.
Introduction: Lynch syndrome patients have an inherited predisposition to cancer due to a deficiency in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes which could lead to a higher risk of developing cancer if exposed to ionizing radiation. This pilot study aims to reveal the association between MMR deficiency and radiosensitivity at both a CT relevant low dose (20 mGy) and a therapeutic higher dose (2 Gy).
Methods: Human colorectal cancer cell lines with (dMMR) or without MMR deficiency (pMMR) were analyzed before and after exposure to radiation using cellular and cytogenetic analyses i.
The protective effects of ginseng on x-irradiation-induced intestinal damage in rats.
Radiat Environ Biophys
August 2023
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, 53010, Rize, Turkey.
Although radiotherapy is widely employed in the treatment of various malignancies in oncology patients, its use is limited by the toxic effects it causes in surrounding tissues, including the gastrointestinal system. Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) is a traditional drug reported to possess antioxidant and restorative properties in various studies. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the protective effects of KRG against radiation-associated small intestinal damage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPCC 8005 Supplementation Prevents Pelvic Irradiation-Induced Dysbiosis but Not Acute Inflammation in Mice.
Antioxidants (Basel)
February 2023
Interdisciplinary Biosciences Group, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK CEN, 2400 Mol, Belgium.
Pelvic irradiation-induced mucositis secondarily leads to dysbiosis, which seriously affects patients' quality of life after treatment. No safe and effective radioprotector or mitigator has yet been approved for clinical therapy. Here, we investigated the potential protective effects of fresh biomass of PCC 8005 against ionizing irradiation-induced mucositis and dysbiosis in respect to benchmark probiotic GG ATCC 53103.
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