An iterative method of calculating propagation parameters at harmonics of heart rate for a uniform vascular segment from a combination of four arterial waveform measurements is presented. Measurements of blood pressure, vascular diameter, and blood flow-rate may be combined arbitrarily provided only that at least one measurement of pressure and one of flow-rate be included; the requirement of four measurements implies at least two measurement sites along the vessel. The analysis is thus a generalization of those associated with previous methods of determining propagation parameters, allowing for instance relaxation of the requirement of equal spacing in the three-point method. Results are presented for the propagation of an impulse along a rubber tube when the measurements are pressure at two sites, flow-rate and diameter.
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Phys Rev Lett
December 2024
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
We measure the high-intensity laser propagation throughout meter-scale, channel-guided laser-plasma accelerators by adjusting the length of the plasma channel on a shot-by-shot basis, showing high-quality guiding of 500 TW laser pulses over 30 cm in a hydrogen plasma of density n_{0}≈1×10^{17} cm^{-3}. We observed transverse energy transport of higher-order modes in the first ≈12 cm of the plasma channel, followed by quasimatched propagation, and the gradual, dark-current-free depletion of laser energy to the wake. We quantify the laser-to-wake transfer efficiency limitations of currently available petawatt-class lasers and demonstrate via simulation how control over the laser mode can significantly improve beam parameters.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
December 2024
Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
Developing high-precision models of the nuclear force and propagating the associated uncertainties in quantum many-body calculations of nuclei and nuclear matter remain key challenges for ab initio nuclear theory. In this Letter, we demonstrate that generative machine learning models can construct novel instances of the nucleon-nucleon interaction when trained on existing potentials from the literature. In particular, we train the generative model on nucleon-nucleon potentials derived at second and third order in chiral effective field theory and at three different choices of the resolution scale.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Plant Genetics, Poznan, Poland.
The increasing cultivation of perennial C4 grass known as Miscanthus spp. for biomass production holds promise as a sustainable source of renewable energy. Unlike the sterile triploid hybrid of M.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Maxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Background: This study identifies and quantifies diverse pathological tau forms in the retina at both early and advanced stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and assesses their correlation with disease status. In the pathogenesis of AD, the tau protein undergoes post-translational modifications, including hyperphosphorylation (p-tau). As the disease progresses, pathological tau can propagate as oligomers, aggregate into fibrils, and paired helical filaments (PHF), and ultimately form intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
School of Electrical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, 1684613114, Iran.
Intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS) are valuable tools for enhancing the intelligence of the propagation environment. They have the ability to direct EM Waves to a specific user through beamforming. A significant number of passive elements are integrated into metasurfaces, allowing for their incorporation onto various surfaces such as walls and buildings.
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