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Effectiveness of Tecovirimat in Mpox Cases: A Systematic Review of Current Evidence.
J Med Virol
December 2024
SR Sanjeevani Hospital, Kalyanpur, Siraha, Nepal.
Mpox, formerly known as monkeypox, has re-emerged as a significant global health concern, particularly during the widespread outbreak of 2022. As an orthopoxvirus related to the eradicated smallpox virus, mpox has been primarily managed with smallpox vaccines and treatments, including the antiviral agent Tecovirimat. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Tecovirimat in treating mpox, focusing on its use during the 2022 outbreak, especially among high-risk populations, including men who have sex with men and people living with HIV.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The paper investigates the link between maternal smallpox infection and stillbirths using Swedish parish-level data from 1780-1839.
- It finds that smallpox was not a major cause of stillbirths before 1820, as most women had already contracted the disease in childhood.
- A small impact of smallpox on stillbirths was observed between 1820 and 1839 due to waning immunity from vaccination, but the overall prevalence of smallpox at that time limited its effect.
Molecular Aspects of the Monkeypox Virus and their Impact on the Virus's Change in Epidemiology.
P R Health Sci J
September 2024
Pedro Ruiz Gallo National University, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Microbiology, Inmunología y Virología del Norte's group, Lambayeque, Peru.
Article Synopsis
- Monkeypox, a viral disease primarily found in West and Central Africa, has seen a significant increase in cases globally over the last decade, particularly during a multinational outbreak in 2022, suggesting possible evolutionary changes in the virus.
- A review of 271 articles published during the outbreak period identified 49 relevant studies that highlight challenges related to waning immunity, altered transmission routes, and genomic changes in the virus, complicating containment efforts.
- The findings suggest that Monkeypox may be filling an ecological niche previously occupied by smallpox, with specific genetic mutations being linked to its recent epidemiological changes and the need for continued surveillance and vaccination to control future outbreaks.
Mpox in Pregnancy - Risks, Vertical Transmission, Prevention, and Treatment.
N Engl J Med
October 2024
From the Departments of Epidemiology, Infectious Diseases, and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh (J.B.N.); the Departments of Epidemiology and International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (J.B.N.), and the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine (J.R.A.) - both in Baltimore; the Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stellenbosch University Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (J.B.N.), and the Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Cape Town (L.M.) - both in Cape Town, South Africa; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison (E.L.M.); the Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore City, Singapore (P.D.); the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (INRB) and the Departments of Microbiology and Virology, University of Kinshasa School of Medicine - both in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (P.M.-K., J.-J.M.-T.); the Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.G.); Materno-fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department "Femme-Mère-Enfant," Lausanne University Hospital, and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland (D.B.); and the Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation, Washington, DC (L.L.M.).
Pathological skin manifestations following smallpox vaccination (ACAM2000) in US military personnel, 2009-2023: a systematic review.
Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent)
July 2024
Department of Histopathology, Institute of Pathology and Diagnostic Medicine, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan.
Article Synopsis
- - The US military initiated a smallpox immunization program in 2002 using the ACAM2000 vaccine, which replaced the older Dryvax, but previous trials focused on severe side effects rather than the specific skin issues that emerged.
- - A systematic review analyzed five studies involving 15 military personnel, revealing most developed skin lesions like papules, typically appearing about 15 days after vaccination, with an average healing time of over a month.
- - Although rare, significant skin conditions can arise post-vaccination, and while cases of progressive vaccinia were noted, additional research is necessary to establish clear guidelines for this complication.
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