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The efficacy of the food-grade antimicrobial xanthorrhizol against is associated with McsL channel expression.
Front Microbiol
July 2024
GenoFocus Ltd., Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
Background: The emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant strains demonstrates the urgent need for new antimicrobials. Xanthorrhizol, a plant-derived sesquiterpenoid compound, has a rapid killing effect on methicillin-susceptible strains and methicillin-resistant strains of achieving the complete killing of staphylococcal cells within 2 min using 64 μg/mL xanthorrhizol. However, the mechanism of its action is not yet fully understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDihydrostreptomycin Directly Binds to, Modulates, and Passes through the MscL Channel Pore.
PLoS Biol
June 2016
Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America.
The primary mechanism of action of the antibiotic dihydrostreptomycin is binding to and modifying the function of the bacterial ribosome, thus leading to decreased and aberrant translation of proteins; however, the routes by which it enters the bacterial cell are largely unknown. The mechanosensitive channel of large conductance, MscL, is found in the vast majority of bacterial species, where it serves as an emergency release valve rescuing the cell from sudden decreases in external osmolarity. While it is known that MscL expression increases the potency of dihydrostreptomycin, it has remained unclear if this effect is due to a direct interaction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStreptomycin potency is dependent on MscL channel expression.
Nat Commun
September 2014
Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390-9040, USA.
The antibiotic streptomycin is widely used in the treatment of microbial infections. The primary mechanism of action is inhibition of translation by binding to the ribosome, but how it enters the bacterial cell is unclear. Early in the study of this antibiotic, a mysterious streptomycin-induced potassium efflux preceding any decrease in viability was observed; it was speculated that this changed the electrochemical gradient such that streptomycin better accessed the cytoplasm.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe role of transmembrane channel-like proteins in the operation of hair cell mechanotransducer channels.
J Gen Physiol
November 2013
Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison, WI 53706.
Sound stimuli elicit movement of the stereocilia that make up the hair bundle of cochlear hair cells, putting tension on the tip links connecting the stereocilia and thereby opening mechanotransducer (MT) channels. Tmc1 and Tmc2, two members of the transmembrane channel-like family, are necessary for mechanotransduction. To assess their precise role, we recorded MT currents elicited by hair bundle deflections in mice with null mutations of Tmc1, Tmc2, or both.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe resting transducer current drives spontaneous activity in prehearing mammalian cochlear inner hair cells.
J Neurosci
August 2012
Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom.
Spontaneous Ca(2+)-dependent electrical activity in the immature mammalian cochlea is thought to instruct the formation of the tonotopic map during the differentiation of sensory hair cells and the auditory pathway. This activity occurs in inner hair cells (IHCs) during the first postnatal week, and the pattern differs along the cochlea. During the second postnatal week, which is before the onset of hearing in most rodents, the resting membrane potential for IHCs is apparently more hyperpolarized (approximately -75 mV), and it remains unclear whether spontaneous action potentials continue to occur.
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