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The Role of AFB1, OTA, TCNs, and Patulin in Forensic Sciences: Applications in Autopsy, Criminal Investigations, and Public Health Prevention.
Toxins (Basel)
November 2024
Institute of Legal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, "Magna Graecia" University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
Mycotoxins, specifically aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), ochratoxin A (OTA), trichothecenes (TCNs), and patulin, are a group of secondary metabolites that can contaminate food, leading to severe health implications for humans. Their detection and analysis within forensic toxicology are crucial, particularly as they can be implicated in cases of poisoning, foodborne illnesses, or lethal chronic exposure. However, little is known about the application that mycotoxins could have in forensic investigations and especially about the possibility of extracting and quantifying these molecules on tissues or post-mortem fluids collected at autopsy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIncreasing incidence of mycotoxicosis in South-Eastern Germany: a comprehensive analysis of mushroom poisonings at a University Medical Center.
BMC Gastroenterol
December 2024
Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology, and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
Background: Mushrooms, an integral component of human diets, range from esteemed delicacies to potentially lethal toxins. The risk of severe poisoning from misidentified species, poses a significant challenge. For clinicians, recognizing mushroom poisoning amidst nonspecific symptoms and determining the specific mushroom ingested are critical yet complex tasks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF-Associated Liver Failure: Molecular Mechanisms and Management.
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Campbelltown Hospital, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia.
is well-established as one of the most poisonous mushrooms; toxicity from ingestion was reported as early as the first century. Although native to Europe, this ectomycorrhizal fungus has been widely spread and is responsible for liver toxicity in many parts of the world. Toxicity is characterized by delayed gastrointestinal symptoms mimicking acute gastroenteritis followed by severe hepatotoxicity and liver failure with consequent multi-organ failure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMushroom Poisoning and Acute Liver Injury: A Case-Based Review.
Cureus
December 2024
Acute Medicine, Princess Royal University Hospital, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Orpington, GBR.
Mushrooms have always found their way into our dining plates due to their exotic looks and edibility. It is also one of the food items that can lead to fatal hepatotoxicity if the wrong species is picked up. Mushroom poisoning is frequently seen in forest adventure seekers and presents with variable time frames, mainly with acute gastrointestinal symptoms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLiver Transplantation for Acute Liver Failure due to Mushroom Poisoning.
Turk J Gastroenterol
November 2024
Department of General Surgery, Necmettin Erbakan Universitesi Meram Tip Fakultesi, Konya, Türkiye.
Background/aims: Liver transplantation is a life-saving approach in some cases of mushroom poisoning, which is one of the important causes of acute liver failure. However, debate continues regarding the timing of liver transplantation. The aim of this study is to retrospectively evaluate the results of patients who underwent liver transplantation due to mushroom poisoning.
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