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Provision of Radiology Reports Simplified With Large Language Models to Patients With Cancer: Impact on Patient Satisfaction.
JCO Clin Cancer Inform
January 2025
Department of Radiology, Dr BRAIRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Purpose: To explore the perceived utility and effect of simplified radiology reports on oncology patients' knowledge and feasibility of large language models (LLMs) to generate such reports.
Materials And Methods: This study was approved by the Institute Ethics Committee. In phase I, five state-of-the-art LLMs (Generative Pre-Trained Transformer-4o [GPT-4o], Google Gemini, Claude Opus, Llama-3.
Prediction of gene expression using histone modification patterns extracted by Particle Swarm Optimization.
Bioinformatics
January 2025
Department of Medical Bioinformatics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, 37099, Germany.
Motivation: Histone modifications play an important role in transcription regulation. Although the general importance of some histone modifications for transcription regulation has been previously established, the relevance of others and their interaction is subject to ongoing research. By training Machine Learning models to predict a gene's expression and explaining their decision making process, we can get hints on how histone modifications affect transcription.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenerative artificial intelligence enables the generation of bone scintigraphy images and improves generalization of deep learning models in data-constrained environments.
Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging
January 2025
Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Austria.
Purpose: Advancements of deep learning in medical imaging are often constrained by the limited availability of large, annotated datasets, resulting in underperforming models when deployed under real-world conditions. This study investigated a generative artificial intelligence (AI) approach to create synthetic medical images taking the example of bone scintigraphy scans, to increase the data diversity of small-scale datasets for more effective model training and improved generalization.
Methods: We trained a generative model on Tc-bone scintigraphy scans from 9,170 patients in one center to generate high-quality and fully anonymized annotated scans of patients representing two distinct disease patterns: abnormal uptake indicative of (i) bone metastases and (ii) cardiac uptake indicative of cardiac amyloidosis.
Prioritizing questions and topics for the development of guidelines and consensus-based recommendations supported by ILAE: A scoping review and proposal of prioritization criteria.
Epilepsia
January 2025
Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) and consensus-based recommendations (CBRs) require considerable effort, collaboration, and time-all within the constraints of finite resources. Professional societies, such as the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE), must prioritize what topics and questions to address. Implementing evidence-based care remains a crucial challenge in clinical practice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Commitment to Gender Equity in Medicine: An American Medical Women's Association Position Paper.
J Womens Health (Larchmt)
January 2025
2019-2020 President of the American Medical Women's Association, AMWA Gender Equity Task Force Founder, Reston, Virginia, USA.
The American Medical Women's Association (AMWA) highlights the ongoing gender inequities in the medical profession, particularly in pay, leadership roles, workplace treatment, and work-life integration. To present evidence of gender disparities in medicine, analyze their root causes, and propose strategies for fostering a more equitable and inclusive environment. Despite progress, women physicians continue to face significant disparities, including lower salaries, underrepresentation in leadership roles, and discrimination.
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