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Using 2-(2-Chlorophenyl)thiazolidine-4-carboxylic Acid as a Novel Biomarker for 2-Chlorobenzalmalononitrile Exposure.
Chem Res Toxicol
October 2024
Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR China.
This study addressed the development of a novel biomarker for 2-chlorobenzalmalononitrile (CS) gas exposure. Using liquid chromatographic and mass spectrometric techniques, we found that CS underwent rapid hydrolysis into 2-chlorobenzaldehyde (2-CBA), a highly reactive intermediate that reacted swiftly with endogenous cysteine (Cys) and Cys residues in proteins, producing a stable 2-(2-chlorophenyl)thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid adduct (ClPh-SPro) in high yield, which may be used as a CS exposure dosimeter. In particular, it was found that most CS was rapidly hydrolyzed under physiologically relevant conditions, with over 90% of CS being converted into 2-CBA in as short as 20 min.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMorphological innovation did not drive diversification in Mesozoic-Cenozoic brachiopods.
Nat Ecol Evol
October 2024
State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, China.
Over long spans of geological time, various groups of organisms may wax and wane, experiencing times of apparent success and contraction. These rises and falls are often said to reflect either opportunities created by climate change or the relative success of innovative characteristics. Phylum Brachiopoda was one of the most successful marine clades before the Permian/Triassic mass extinction (PTME), but after this event, they became marginal components of marine communities through to the present day.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClimate change effects and their implications for the financial markets: Evidence from the United Kingdom.
J Environ Manage
August 2024
School of Economics, University of East Anglia, United Kingdom. Electronic address:
This study aims to examine how the climate affects the behaviour of the stock market. To achieve this, we have drawn on daily data from Jan 2005 to Jan 31, 2023 and several environmental factors (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnticipated imitation of multiple agents.
Cognition
August 2024
Social Intelligence Lab, Department of Psychology & The Berlin School of Mind & Brain, Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany. Electronic address:
It is well-established that people tend to mimic one another's actions, a crucial aspect of social interactions. Anticipating imitation has been shown to boost motor activation and reaction times for congruent actions. However, prior research predominantly focused on dyads, leaving gaps in our knowledge regarding group dynamics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe role of pre-supplementary motor cortex in action control with emotional stimuli: A repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation study.
Ann N Y Acad Sci
June 2024
Center for Studies and Research in Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychology "Renzo Canestrari", Cesena Campus, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Cesena, Italy.
Swiftly halting ongoing motor actions is essential to react to unforeseen and potentially perilous circumstances. However, the neural bases subtending the complex interplay between emotions and motor control have been scarcely investigated. Here, we used an emotional stop signal task (SST) to investigate whether specific neural circuits engaged by action suppression are differently modulated by emotional signals with respect to neutral ones.
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