The performance of dry chemistry analysis systems was evaluated using the results obtained from proficiency testing 1991 of practitioner's laboratories. 59% of the participants use dry chemistry (Ektachem DT 60 Kodak, Reflotron Boehringer, Cobas Ready Roche). The evaluation reveals the following: The declared values of the control sera for the dry chemistry systems agree well with those of the conventional wet chemistry, excepting enzyme assays. The precision of the dry chemistry parameters is substantially higher than that of the wet chemistry. The overall performance of the dry chemistry analysis systems was found to be superior as compared to the wet chemistry performance. A prerequisite for dry chemistry proficiency testing are control sera of human origin.
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Water Sci Technol
January 2025
Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
One of the most costly stages of activated sludge wastewater treatment plants is the treatment and dewatering of waste sludge. Chemical conditioning of sludge, as one of the most widespread methods to enhance sludge dewaterability, accounts for a significant portion of operational expenses due to the consumption of expensive polymeric compounds. This research aims to assess the cost-effectiveness of ochre soil, modified with hydrochloric acid, as an affordable mineral for conditioning waste sludge in an activated sludge system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAcc Mater Res
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
Methane (CH), which is the main component of natural gas, is an abundant and widely available carbon resource. However, CH has a low energy density of only 36 kJ L under ambient conditions, which is significantly lower than that of gasoline (. 34 MJ L).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Adv
January 2025
Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK.
The circumstellar liquid-water habitable zone guides our search for potentially inhabited exoplanets but remains observationally untested. We show that the inner edge of the habitable zone can now be mapped among exoplanets using their lack of surface water, which, unlike the presence of water, can be unambiguously revealed by atmospheric sulfur species. Using coupled climate-chemistry modeling, we find that the observability of sulfur gases on exoplanets depends critically on the ultraviolet (UV) flux of their host star, a property with wide variation: Most M-dwarfs have a low UV flux and thereby allow the detection of sulfur gases as a tracer of dry planetary surfaces; however, the UV flux of Trappist-1 may be too high for sulfur to disambiguate uninhabitable from habitable surfaces on any of its planets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhytochem Anal
January 2025
Institute of Biology, Federal Research Centre Komi Science Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia.
Introduction: Vitex L. is a large genus of tropical and subtropical trees used in medicine of many nations. Some species are used in gynecology due to flavonoids, iridoids, and diterpenes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Plant Sci
January 2025
Cluster of Excellence "Understanding Written Artefacts", University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
We studied freshly collected, dried and herbarized leaf fragments of two palms, namely L. and L., most commonly used for palm-leaf manuscript (PLM) production in South (S) and Southeast Asia (SE) in order to reveal differences in their phytolith assemblages.
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