Methods: The authors conducted a survey of 296 competitive swimmers to assess the incidence and importance of interfering groin pain in breaststroke swimmers.
Results: Breaststroke swimmers were more likely to have current groin pain (6.92%) than individual medley swimmers who did not compete in pure breaststroke events (0, P = 0.015). Breaststroke swimmers (42.7%) were also more likely than individual medley swimmers (21.5%, P = 0.000622) or nonbreaststroke, nonindividual medley swimmers (5.8%, P = 0.00000311) to have been unable to train breaststroke in practice during the past year due to groin injury.
Conclusion: Results indicate that breaststroke swimmers are at significant risk of groin injury, groin injury is positively correlated with increased magnitude of breaststroke training, and groin injury may prevent participation in practices and competitions.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546503258905 | DOI Listing |
Eur J Sport Sci
January 2025
School of Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, Essex, UK.
The need for sex-segregated youth swimming is debated. A previous report indicates that male swimmers aged 10-and-under are 1%-2% faster than females in long course freestyle, butterfly, backstroke, and individual medley (IM), but not breaststroke events. Another report indicates that at age 10 males are 1%-2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Transl Myol
December 2024
Department of Sport Sciences, Kore University, Enna.
It is well-known that swimming purposes to increase the tonic-postural control. Beyond its physiological advantages, swimming also offers an exclusive platform to explore the complex interplay between body biomechanics and posture. The specific aim of this study was to investigate the effects of main swimming styles on postural balance in young athletes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Biomech
December 2024
Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Portugal; Porto Biomechanics Laboratory (LABIOMEP-UP), Portugal; Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal. Electronic address:
This study aimed to compare active drag (D), coefficient of hydrodynamic force (C) and, total external mechanical power (P) between two breathing patterns in breaststroke: breathing every stroke versus every two strokes. A 6-week intervention program was conducted. Fifteen swimmers carried out two all-out bouts of 25 m using the velocity perturbation method in each breathing pattern.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Biomech
November 2024
Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport and Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. Electronic address:
Breaststroke and butterfly are complex swimming techniques requiring refined motor skills to perform successfully, with coordinated and consistent interaction between propulsive and resistive forces being decisive when considering swimmers expertise. The current study analysed those techniques intercycle kinematic variation in two swimmers cohorts. Twenty elite and 15 national level swimmers performed one 25 m breaststroke and one 25 m butterfly sprints, with an underwater camera recording images at 120 Hz in the sagittal plane.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Biomech
November 2024
Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Japan.
Swimmers primarily increase their forward velocity through lower limb motion in breaststroke, making the breaststroke kick crucial for optimizing race times. Recent studies have highlighted the generation of vortices around the swimmer's entire body to propel forward during swimming. However, the investigation of vortex generation during breaststroke kicks remains unexplored.
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