Generalized seizures are commonly thought to involve the entire brain homogeneously. However, recent evidence suggests that selective cortical-subcortical networks may be crucial for the initiation, propagation, and behavioral manifestations of generalized seizures, while other brain regions are relatively spared. Here we review previous studies, and describe a new human model system for the investigation of generalized seizures: single-photon emission computed tomography, ictal-interictal difference imaging of generalized tonic-clonic seizures induced by electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Bitemporal ECT activates focal bilateral frontotemporal and parietal association cortex, sparing other regions; bifrontal ECT activates mainly prefrontal cortex; while in right unilateral ECT the left frontotemporal region is relatively spared. Associated midline subcortical networks are also involved. Focal verbal memory deficits parallel the focal regions involved in these neuroimaging studies. Further studies of this kind may elucidate specific networks in generalized tonic-clonic seizures, providing targets for new therapeutic interventions in epilepsy.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2003.10.020 | DOI Listing |
Epilepsia
January 2025
Academic Center for Epileptology (ACE), Kempenhaeghe/Maastricht UMC+, Maastricht & Heeze, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Objective: To investigate whether local lesions created by stereo-electroencephalography (SEEG)-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation (RFTC) affect distant brain connectivity and excitability in patients with focal, drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE).
Methods: Ten patients with focal DRE underwent SEEG implantation and subsequently 1 Hz bipolar repetitive electrical stimulation (RES) for 30 s before and after RFTC. Root mean square (RMS) of cortico-cortical evoked potentials (CCEPs) was calculated for 15 ms to 300 ms post-stimulation with baseline correction.
A A Pract
January 2025
Department of Psychology, Neuropsychology Lab, CarlVon Ossietzky Universität, Oldenburg, Germany.
An elderly patient with renal cell carcinoma underwent a robotic nephrectomy. After an uneventful intraoperative period, soon after extubation she developed generalized seizures and was diagnosed with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) on neuroimaging. Management included antiepileptic and antihypertensive therapies, necessitating intensive care and neurorehabilitation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Vet Intern Med
January 2025
Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.
Background: Post-ictal (PI) clinical signs are a key defining stage of seizure manifestation in dogs. However, this phase remains poorly understood.
Objectives: To further characterize PI signs and their relation to other parts of a seizure, and understand the owner's perception of how PI signs affect the quality of life (QOL) of the dog.
Brain Behav
January 2025
Technion Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel.
Objective: Medical personnel show difficulty in differentiating psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) from epileptic seizures (ES). The purpose of this study was to conduct an initial feasibility assessment of the global dynamic impression (GDI) principle and to evaluate its effectiveness in enabling the diagnosis of epileptic versus psychogenic seizures using video footage of events, even by untrained personnel METHODS: We based this study on video footage showing five videos of PNES and five ES videos. We asked physicians and nurses from the emergency department, internal medicine department, neurology department, and medical students to classify the videos before and after learning the GDI principle.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRadiol Case Rep
March 2025
From the Department of Radiology, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, CHRU Besançon, 3 boulevard Alexandre Fleming, Besançon 25030, France.
Subpial hemorrhage (SPH) is a rare but significant cause of neonatal seizures and respiratory distress, primarily affecting full-term infants without apparent risk factors. We report the case of a full-term newborn who presented with recurrent episodes of apnea, desaturation, and seizures shortly after birth. MRI revealed an acute hemorrhagic collection in the left temporal region, accompanied by cortical cytotoxic edema.
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