Occupational exposure to polyvinyl chloride (PVC) particles has been associated with interstitial lung disease. Our previous study showed that a single intratracheal instillation of emulsion PVC particles, with or without residual additives, induces acute but transient alveolitis in a dose-dependent manner in rats. The aim of the present study was to investigate the pulmonary response after the administration of the same PVC particles (PVC-E3 and PVC-W3) given in the same cumulative doses (10 and 50 mg/kg BW), but fractionated as seven intratracheal instillations (7 x 1.4 and 7 x 7.1 mg/kg BW) in the course of 3 weeks (day 0 to day 21). Pulmonary response was characterized by analysis of lung weight, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid for lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total protein, and cell cytology, and a microscopic evaluation of lung tissue. BAL T lymphocyte phenotypes (CD3 + CD4 +, CD3 + CD8+) were analyzed by flow cytometry. On day 28, lung weights, BAL-LDH, cell numbers in BAL, and CD4/CD8 ratios in BAL T lymphocytes were higher in rats that had received the high dose of PVC-E3 or PVC-W3 than in rats that had received the low dose of PVC particles and control rats. On day 90, the pulmonary response had partially regressed towards control values, but there were still microscopically evident lesions in the lungs and greater CD4/CD8 ratio in the high dose groups. There were significant positive correlations between the CD4/CD8 ratio and a histopathology score of the lung (r = 0.36, P = 0.038 on day 28, and r = 0.46, P = 0.006 on day 90). In conclusion, repeated intratracheal instillations of PVC particles yielded similar results as single instillations. The examined PVC particles have the potential of inducing a limited and transient acute inflammatory reaction in the lung, and possibly a more persistent alteration of pulmonary T lymphocyte subsets towards a high CD4/CD8 ratio.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2003.09.003 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Mechanism of microplastics in the reduction of cadmium toxicity in tomato.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
January 2025
College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China. Electronic address:
Soil pollution by microplastics (MPs) and cadmium (Cd) poses significant threats to agricultural production, yet their combined toxicity and underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we examined the effects of three types of MPs-polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polypropylene (PP)-with particle sizes of 150 μm and 10 μm, in combination with Cd stress (5 mg/kg) on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) growth.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Meta-analysis of the Occurrence Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Microplastics in Agricultural Soil in China].
Huan Jing Ke Xue
January 2025
Department of Life Sciences, Changzhi University, Changzhi 046011, China.
The potential threat of soil microplastics （MPs, particle sizes smaller than 5 mm） to the agricultural environment and food security production has become a hot issue, but there are few systematic studies on the characteristics and influencing factors of MP pollution in agricultural soil in China. Based on the data of soil MPs and related environmental factors （temperature, precipitation, soil pH, and organic carbon） and social and economic factors （permanent population, gross regional product per capita, gross industrial product per capita, and cultivated land area per capita） extracted from 6 694 samples from 85 published studies from 2020 to 2023, meta-analysis was performed. The characteristics of MPs pollution in agricultural soil and the key factors affecting the accumulation of MPs in soil in six administrative regions of China were analyzed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssessment of Sub-micrometer-Sized Particles with Practical Activities in an Underground Coal Mine.
Min Metall Explor
November 2024
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA.
Unlabelled: This assessment was designed to explore and characterize the airborne particles, especially for the sub-micrometer sizes, in an underground coal mine. Airborne particles present in the breathing zone were evaluated by using both (1) direct reading real-time instruments (RTIs) to measure real-time particle number concentrations in the workplaces and (2) gravimetric samplers to collect airborne particles to obtain mass concentrations and conduct further characterizations. Airborne coal mine particles were collected via three samplers: inhalable particle sampler (37 mm cassette with polyvinyl chloride (PVC) filter), respirable dust cyclone (10 mm nylon cyclone with 37 mm Zefon cassette and PVC filter), and a Tsai diffusion sampler (TDS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Microplastic Particles on Gut Microbiota Composition and Health Status in Rabbit Livestock.
Int J Mol Sci
November 2024
Agribiotechnology and Precision Breeding for Food Security National Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Applied Biotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary.
The widespread use of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and its entry into humans and livestock is of serious concern. In our study, we investigated the impact of PVC treatments on physiological, pathological, hormonal, and microbiota changes in female rabbits. Trend-like alterations in weight were observed in the spleen, liver, and kidney in both low (P1) and high dose (P2) PVC treatment groups.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFQuantitative sizing of microplastics up to 20 µm using ICP-TOFMS.
J Anal At Spectrom
January 2025
ETH Zurich, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1 8093 Zurich Switzerland
A fundamental study of four different sample introduction systems was carried out to evaluate the upper size limit of microplastics measured by inductively coupled plasma-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (ICP-TOFMS). Three different, certified microplastic samples (PS, PMMA and PVC) within a size range of 3-20 µm in suspension were measured. In this study, no particles larger than 10 µm could be detected using pneumatic nebulization for sample introduction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!