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Chronic Exposure to Two Regimens of Waterpipe Smoke Elicits Lung Injury, Genotoxicity, and Mitochondrial Impairment with the Involvement of MAPKs Activation in Mice.
Int J Mol Sci
January 2025
Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates.
While the pulmonary effects of regular waterpipe smoking (R-WPS) are well-defined, the impact of occasional waterpipe smoking (O-WPS) on the lungs remains less established. This study investigated the pulmonary toxicity and underlying mechanisms of O-WPS versus R-WPS following 6 months of exposure, focusing on histopathology, inflammation in the lung, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and plasma, as well as oxidative stress, genotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in lung homogenates. Exposure to both O-WPS and R-WPS resulted in significant histological changes, including increased numbers of alveolar macrophages and lymphocytes, as well as interstitial fibrosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMustard Meal Extract as an Alternative to Zinc Oxide for Protecting the Intestinal Barrier Against -Lipopolysaccharide Damage.
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
Laboratory of Animal Biology, National Institute for Research and Development for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Calea Bucuresti No. 1, Balotesti, 077015 Ilfov, Romania.
The present study aimed to investigate the ability of an aqueous extract derived from mustard seed meal to counteract the effects of endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the intestinal epithelium. Caco-2 cells were cultured together with HT29-MTX and used as a cellular model to analyze critical intestinal parameters, such as renewal, integrity, innate immunity, and signaling pathway. Byproducts of mustard seed oil extraction are rich in soluble polysaccharides, proteins, allyl isothiocyanates, and phenolic acids, which are known as powerful antioxidants with antimicrobial and antifungal properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation Model Induced by Monosodium Urate and Phorbol Myristate Acetate: Involvement in MAPK Signaling Pathways.
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation is a key process in inflammatory diseases like gout, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. This study aimed to establish a model to examine the formation of NETs induced by monosodium urate (MSU) and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and to elucidate their molecular pathways. Laser confocal microscopy was used to visualize NET formation, while flow cytometry was employed to detect reactive oxygen species (ROS) production.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCigarette smoke extract induces p38-mediated expression and ROS/rho-mediated translocation of alpha 2C adrenoceptor in human microvascular smooth muscle cells.
Prog Cardiovasc Dis
January 2025
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar. Electronic address:
Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) is a vascular disease characterized by exaggerated vasoconstriction in response to stressors, mainly cold and emotional stress. This vasoconstriction is mediated solely by alpha 2C-adrenoceptors (α-AR) expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells of dermal arterioles. Several factors, among which is cigarette smoking, are associated with aggravated symptoms of and increased risk for RP.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMustard Gas Induced Corneal Injury Involves Ferroptosis and p38 MAPK Signaling.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
January 2025
Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri, United States.
Purpose: Sulfur mustard gas (SM) exposure to eyes causes multiple corneal injuries including stromal cell loss in vivo. However, mechanisms mediating stromal cell loss/death remains elusive. This study sought to test the novel hypothesis that SM-induced toxicity to human corneal stromal fibroblasts involves ferroptosis mechanism via p38 MAPK signaling.
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