Historical aspects of development of phylogenetic bacteria taxonomy and essence of species in systematics of bacteria are considered. Comparative analysis of phenotypic and phylogenic classification of bacteria is conducted. Basic results of 16S rRNA gene sequence for bacteria are adduced. Comparative estimation of molecular biological methods in microbiologic researches and also estimation of potentialities and shortcomings of 16S rRNA gene sequence-analysis in systematics of bacteria are conducted.
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Appl Microbiol Biotechnol
January 2025
Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, No.569 Xinsi Road, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China.
Bacteria-based tumor therapy, which releases therapeutic payloads or remodels the tumor's immune-suppressive microenvironment and directly kills tumor cells or initiates an anti-tumor immune response, is recently recognized as a promising strategy. Bacteria could be endowed with the capacities of tumor targeting, tumor cell killing, and anti-tumor immune activating by established gene engineering. Furthermore, the integration of synthetic biology and nanomedicine into these engineered bacteria could further enhance their efficacy and controllability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExpert Rev Anti Infect Ther
January 2025
Pathogenic Yeast Research Group, Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
Introduction: There is a rise in antifungal resistance as well as the emergence of multidrug resistant fungal pathogens worldwide, including in Africa.
Method: This systematic review summarized the published data on the mechanisms and epidemiology of antifungal resistance in species in Africa between 2000 and early 2024.
Result: Seventeen reports from seven African countries were analyzed but due to the paucity of data, the prevalence of antifungal resistant isolates in Africa could not be estimated.
BMC Infect Dis
January 2025
Department of Medical Parasitology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Background: Gastrointestinal infections caused by intestinal parasites and Helicobacter pylori are significant public health issues in Africa, where poor sanitation and limited access to healthcare contribute to high disease burden. Since there was no previous pooled data regarding the intestinal parasites and Helicobacter pylori co-infections among gastrointestinal symptomatic patients in the African context, this review aimed to determine the overall prevalence of intestinal parasites and Helicobacter pylori co-infection in people with gastrointestinal symptoms in Africa.
Methods: The current review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) standards and registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; CRD42024598993).
EMBO Rep
January 2025
Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Pro-inflammatory macrophage activation is a hallmark example of how mitochondria serve as signaling organelles. Oxidative phosphorylation sharply decreases upon classical macrophage activation, as mitochondria are thought to shift from ATP production towards accumulating signals that amplify effector function. However, evidence is conflicting regarding whether this collapse in respiration is essential or dispensable.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Genet
January 2025
Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
Aberrant immune responses to viral pathogens contribute to pathogenesis, but our understanding of pathological immune responses caused by viruses within the human virome, especially at a population scale, remains limited. We analyzed whole-genome sequencing datasets of 6,321 Japanese individuals, including patients with autoimmune diseases (psoriasis vulgaris, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) or multiple sclerosis) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), or healthy controls. We systematically quantified two constituents of the blood DNA virome, endogenous HHV-6 (eHHV-6) and anellovirus.
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