[Effect of acupuncture-drug compound anesthesia on alteration of immune function in patients undergoing open-heart surgery].

Objective: To observe the effect of electro-acupuncture (EA) on alteration of immune function of patients undergoing open-heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), and to appraise the value of acupuncture-drug compound anesthesia in the operation.

Methods: Thirty patients undergoing atrial septal defect repairing operation were selected and divided into three groups, Group A was the general anesthesia group; Group B, the acupuncture anesthesia group and Group C, the general anesthesia plus EA group. Peripheral venous blood of patients was collected at different time points, i.e. before anesthesia, before CPB, 30 min and 24 hrs after CPB, to determine natural killer cells activity (NKCA), and the levels of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) in supernatant of cell culture were also tested.

Results: NKCA was significantly lowered in Group A before CPB but increased in Group B, while no evident change was found in Group C, so the level of NKCA in Group B was significantly higher than in the other two groups. It lowered in all the three groups after CPB, especially evidently in Group B, so as to cause the NKCA level in Group B lower than that in Group A. The lowering further progressed, 24 hrs after CPB, NKCA in Group B was more reduced than that in Group C. Levels of IFN-gamma and IL-2 lowered in all the three groups after CPB, and further lowered at time point of 24 hrs after CPB, but the parameters in Group C were significantly higher than those in Group B.

Conclusion: EA could enhance NKCA, but acupuncture anesthesia couldn't inhibit the suppressive effect of CPB on NKCA, IL-2 and IFN-gamma, suggesting that the immunosuppression induced by stress has a prior effect. General anesthesia plus EA yielded better effect than general anesthesia and acupuncture anesthesia, but it could't improve the immunosuppression completely, indicating that the compound anesthesia could partially improve the immunosuppression induced by CPB.