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A comprehensive update on the and idiosyncratic adverse drug reactions.
Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol
January 2025
Departments of Paediatrics, and Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
Introduction: Idiosyncratic adverse drug reactions (IADRs) or drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs) represent a major health problem because they are unpredictable and can be severe with potential life-long or even lethal consequences. Their pathophysiology is not clear but thought to be immune mediated, supported by the significant statistical association of these reactions with specific alleles of the () gene.
Area Covered: This comprehensive update review summarizes the currently available evidence on the role of gene locus in IADRs and discusses the present understanding of the pathophysiology of IADRs.
A Complex Case of Acute Liver Failure Following Idiosyncratic Drug-Induced Liver Injury, Potentiated by Herpes Simplex Virus Infection.
Cureus
December 2024
Internal Medicine, Unidade Local de Saúde de São José, Lisbon, PRT.
Acute liver failure (ALF) is a rare, life-threatening condition that may be secondary to drug-induced liver injury (DILI) and certain viral infections. We present the case of a 73-year-old male with a history of fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis with a progressive phenotype, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia, who was admitted with ALF potentially secondary to DILI. Prior to admission, he was receiving therapy that may be related to idiosyncratic DILI (I-DILI) and ALF, namely nintedanib, which appears to have a most probable relation to I-DILI in this case, considering it was the most recently started drug.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Use of Botulinum Toxin Type A and the Occurrence of Anaphylaxis: A Descriptive Analysis of Data from the European Spontaneous Reporting System.
Aesthetic Plast Surg
December 2024
Multidisciplinary Department of Medical Surgery and Dental Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
Background: Botulinum toxin type A (BTA) is a protein produced by Clostridium botulinum bacteria. It is the most widely used among botulinum toxin types, and it is recommended for the treatment of many clinical conditions, including muscle hyperactivity syndromes and for esthetic indications too. BTA is generally considered safe, and the most reported adverse events (AEs) include eyelids ptosis, immunogenicity, neuromuscular disorders and hypersensitivity reactions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Liver injury and polyserositis as rare side effects of oxcarbazepine].
Inn Med (Heidelb)
December 2024
NotfallZentrum Hirslanden, Klinik Hirslanden, Zürich, Schweiz.
We report the case of a patient with trigeminal neuralgia who developed cholestatic liver injury with systemic inflammation and polyserositis after starting oxcarbazepine therapy. No other causes could be identified. After discontinuation of the drug, there was a complete remission.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTolvaptan safety in autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease; a focus on idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury liabilities.
Toxicol Sci
January 2025
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Centre for Drug Safety Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GE, United Kingdom.
Tolvaptan is a vasopressin V2 receptor antagonist which has proven to be an effective and mostly well-tolerated agent for the treatment of autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease. However, its administration is associated with rare but serious idiosyncratic liver injury, which has warranted a black box warning on the drug labels and frequent monitoring of liver blood tests in the clinic. This review outlines mechanistic investigations that have been conducted to date and constructs a working narrative as an explanation for the idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury (IDILI) events that have occurred thus far.
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