Nontyphoid Salmonella (NTS) bacteremia has a very high mortality and recurrence rate among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected Malawian adults. Concurrent schistosomal infection might cause persistence of NTS infection and poor response to antibiotic therapy. Therefore, we tested serum samples for Schistosoma-specific circulating anodic antigen to diagnose coinfection with schistosomiasis among consecutive HIV-positive adults with NTS bacteremia. The results suggest that active schistosomiasis is not associated with adverse outcome of NTS bacteremia in this population, in contrast to other groups.
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