Peroxisome proliferator activated nuclear receptors (PPAR) belong to steroid receptors and are represented by 3 types: PPAR alpha, PPAR beta, PPAR gamma. PPAR alpha is a key regulator of fatty acid beta-oxidation, participates in development of inflammatory reaction and atherosclerosis formation. Main effects of fibrates are mediated through PPAR alpha activation. PPAR gamma plays important role in lipid metabolism, processes of cell differentiation and growth, participates in glucose utilization and mechanisms of insulin resistance. Specific activators of PPAR gamma are glytazones--a group of antidiabetic drugs. The role of PPAR beta in atherosclerosis formation has not been elucidated yet however results of some studies indicate participation of this receptor in atherosclerosis. Data of studies devoted to the role of PPARs and polymorphic markers of these receptors in the process of atherosclerosis are reviewed.
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