The occurrence of immunoreactive cystatin C (CC) in normal and neoplastic cells of the human pancreas and gut was investigated using an indirect streptavidin-biotin method on formaldehyde-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues. Virtually all pancreatic islet cells and many neuroendocrine cells throughout the gastrointestinal tract showed strong CC immunoreactivity and a granular cytoplasmic staining pattern. All 14 endocrine pancreatic tumours (insulinomas, glucagonomas, gastrinomas and non-producing tumours), as well as 16 of 17 gut carcinoid tumours, were also strongly CC immunoreactive. In addition, non-endocrine epithelial cells of pancreatic ducts and the gastrointestinal mucosa and 20 of the 24 adenocarcinomas from these sites showed weak CC immunoreactivity. Thus, CC cannot be used as a reliable immunohistochemical marker for endocrine gastro-entero-pancreatic tumours despite the fact that the protein is strongly expressed in a majority of such tumours.
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Cureus
January 2025
Department of Surgery, Harlem Hospital/Columbia University, New York, USA.
Exploratory laparotomies for blunt or penetrating trauma often result in significant morbidity. Despite advancements in resuscitation, surgical techniques, and antibiotics, intra-abdominal abscesses remain a serious complication, contributing to poor outcomes and extended hospital stays. Percutaneous computed tomography-guided drainage is the standard treatment for abscesses, offering high success rates and low morbidity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Endocrinol (Lausanne)
January 2025
Huangjiang Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong, China.
Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has become a significant global health threat, yet its precise causes and mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to identify gene expression patterns specific to T2D pancreatic islet cells and to explore the potential role of pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) in T2D progression through regulatory networks involving lncRNA-mRNA interactions.
Methods: In this study, we screened for upregulated genes in T2D pancreatic islet samples using bulk sequencing (bulkseq) datasets and mapped these gene expression profiles onto three T2D single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) datasets.
Curr Top Dev Biol
January 2025
University of Michigan, Department of Pharmacology, Caswell Diabetes Institute, Ann Arbor, MI, United States. Electronic address:
All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) signaling is essential in numerous different biological contexts. This review highlights the diverse roles of ATRA during development, function, and diseases of the pancreas. ATRA is essential to specify pancreatic progenitors from gut tube endoderm, endocrine and exocrine differentiation, and adult islet function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Institute of Visual Informatics, The National University of Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Malaysia.
Patients with type 1 diabetes and their physicians have long desired a fully closed-loop artificial pancreas (AP) system that can alleviate the burden of blood glucose regulation. Although deep reinforcement learning (DRL) methods theoretically enable adaptive insulin dosing control, they face numerous challenges, including safety and training efficiency, which have hindered their clinical application. This paper proposes a safe and efficient adaptive insulin delivery controller based on DRL.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLangenbecks Arch Surg
January 2025
Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138, Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan.
Background: As survival following PD improved, long-term complications have emerged as an issue in current era. Pancreaticojejunostomy stenosis is the common long-term sequel after PD but rarely addressed. This study aimed to investigate the benefit of pancreatic duct stent in reducing PJ stenosis after PD.
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