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Gentiopicroside: An Updated Review of Its Pharmacological Activities and Mechanisms.
Chem Biodivers
December 2024
School of Ethnic Medicine, School of Pharmacy and Meishan Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
Gentiopicroside (GPS) is a bioactive iridoid glycoside isolated from Gentianaceae plants. In recent years, GPS has received increasing attention due to its multiple pharmacological activities. This review encapsulates the botanical origin, pharmacological activity, toxicity, and underlying mechanisms of GPS in the treatment of various diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeural effects of dopaminergic compounds revealed by multi-site electrophysiology and interpretable machine-learning.
Front Pharmacol
July 2024
Institute of Applied Physiology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
Background: Neuropsychopharmacological compounds may exert complex brain-wide effects due to an anatomically and genetically broad expression of their molecular targets and indirect effects interconnected brain circuits. Electrophysiological measurements in multiple brain regions using electroencephalography (EEG) or local field potential (LFP) depth-electrodes may record fingerprints of such pharmacologically-induced changes in local activity and interregional connectivity (pEEG/pLFP). However, in order to reveal such patterns comprehensively and potentially derive mechanisms of therapeutic pharmacological effects, both activity and connectivity have to be estimated for many brain regions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOral Oxytocin Blurs Sex Differences in Amygdala Responses to Emotional Scenes.
Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging
October 2024
Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; Institute of Electronic and Information Engineering of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China in Guangdong, Dongguan, China. Electronic address:
Background: Sex differences are shaped both by innate biological differences and the social environment and are frequently observed in human emotional neural responses. Oral administration of oxytocin (OXT), as an alternative and noninvasive intake method, has been shown to produce sex-dependent effects on emotional face processing. However, it is unclear whether oral OXT produces similar sex-dependent effects on processing continuous emotional scenes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlobal Neuropsychopharmacological Prescription Trends in Adults with Schizophrenia, Clinical Correlates and Implications for Practice: A Scoping Review.
Brain Sci
December 2023
West Region, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore 539747, Singapore.
It is important to examine the psychotropic prescription practices in schizophrenia, as it can inform regarding changing treatment choices and related patient profiles. No recent reviews have evaluated the global neuropsychopharmacological prescription patterns in adults with schizophrenia. A systematic search of the literature published from 2002 to 2023 found 88 empirical papers pertinent to the utilization of psychotropic agents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPractical solutions for including sex as a biological variable (SABV) in preclinical neuropsychopharmacological research.
J Neurosci Methods
January 2024
Cohen Veterans Bioscience, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address:
Recently, many funding agencies have released guidelines on the importance of considering sex as a biological variable (SABV) as an experimental factor, aiming to address sex differences and avoid possible sex biases to enhance the reproducibility and translational relevance of preclinical research. In neuroscience and pharmacology, the female sex is often omitted from experimental designs, with researchers generalizing male-driven outcomes to both sexes, risking a biased or limited understanding of disease mechanisms and thus potentially ineffective therapeutics. Herein, we describe key methodological aspects that should be considered when sex is factored into in vitro and in vivo experiments and provide practical knowledge for researchers to incorporate SABV into preclinical research.
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