Reasons For Performing Study: Most racehorses are trained regularly from about age 18 months; therefore, little information is available on the effect of training in Thoroughbred foals.
Hypothesis: Well-controlled exercise could improve muscle potential ability for endurance running.
Methods: Thoroughbred foals at age 2 months were separated into control and training (treadmill exercise) groups and samples obtained from the middle gluteal muscle at 2 and 12 months post partum. Muscle fibre compositions were determined by histochemical and electrophoretical techniques and succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) activity was analysed in each fibre type.
Results: All fibre types were hypertrophied with growth and type I and IIA fibres were significantly larger in the training than the control group at age 12 months. A significant increase of SDH activity was found in type IIX muscle fibres in the training group.
Conclusions: Training in young Thoroughbred horses can facilitate muscle fibre hypertrophy and increase the oxidative capacity of type IIX fibres, which could potentially enhance stamina at high speeds.
Potential Relevance: To apply this result to practical training, further studies are needed to determine more effective and safe intensities of controlled exercise.
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