Objectives: To emphasize the importance of early diagnosis of encrusted pyelitis in kidney transplant patients.
Methods: We report one case of encrusted pyelitis in a 10-year-old girl with a kidney graft who was treated by means of nephrostomy tube irrigation with an acidifier liquid substance.
Results: After 16 days of treatment there was a significant decrease of the size of the calcified pyelic plaque, keeping a good renal function afterwards.
Conclusions: This disease should be thought of in every case of kidney transplant patient with negative urine cultures and alkaline pH, and the microbiologist should be alerted of the possibility of urinary tract infection by Corynebacterium.
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Encrusted pyelitis and hyperammonemia due to Corynebacterium urealyticum in a kidney transplant recipient.
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Department of Infectious Diseases, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan. Electronic address:
Introduction: The bacterium Corynebacterium urealyticum produces urease and can cause encrusted pyelitis, a condition characterized by calcifications of the renal pelvis and ureteral wall, which may obstruct the urinary tract. We describe a case of encrusted pyelitis caused by C. urealyticum in a kidney transplant patient presenting with altered consciousness due to hyperammonemia.
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