Purpose: To clarify the involvement of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) in the proliferation and differentiation of osteo/chondrogenic cells during the process of bone formation from grafted periosteum.
Material And Methods: Tibial periosteum of young Japanese white rabbits was grafted into suprahyoid muscles and removed after 7, 9, 14 or 21 days. BMP-2, -4, proliferative cell nucleus antigen (PCNA) immunoreaction and Alcian blue staining in grafted periosteum was then sought microscopically.
Results: PCNA positive cells in the grafted periosteum expressed BMP-2 at 7 days. These cells differentiated into chondroblasts that expressed BMP-2 and Alcian blue at 9 days. After 14 days, cartilage formation was seen, and BMP-2 and -4 expressions were observed in mature and hypertrophic chondrocytes. Endochondral ossification was observed at 21 days and osteoblasts showed both BMP-2 and -4 expression.
Conclusion: Both BMP-2 and -4 appear to play regulatory roles in the process of endochondral ossification from grafted periosteum, due to their involvement in the proliferation and differentiation into chondrogenic and osteogenic cells.
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