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Altering the intracellular trafficking of Necator americanus GST-1 antigen yields novel hookworm mRNA vaccine candidates.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America.
Background: The antigen Na-GST-1, expressed by the hookworm Necator americanus, plays crucial biochemical roles in parasite survival. This study explores the development of mRNA vaccine candidates based on Na-GST-1, building on the success of recombinant Na-GST-1 (rNa-GST-1) protein, currently assessed as a subunit vaccine candidate, which has shown promise in preclinical and clinical studies.
Methodology/findings: By leveraging the flexible design of RNA vaccines and protein intracellular trafficking signal sequences, we developed three variants of Na-GST-1 as native (cytosolic), secretory, and plasma membrane-anchored (PM) antigens.
Associations of resuscitation fluid load, colloid-to-crystalloid infusion ratio and clinical outcomes in children with dengue shock syndrome.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
January 2025
Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital 2, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Background: Severe respiratory distress and acute kidney injury (AKI) are key factors leading to poor outcomes in patients with dengue shock syndrome (DSS). There is still limited data on how much resuscitated fluid and the specific ratios of intravenous fluid types contribute to the development of severe respiratory distress necessitating mechanical ventilation (MV) and AKI in children with DSS.
Methodology/principal Findings: This retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary pediatric hospital in Vietnam between 2013 and 2022.
Development and validation of a high-throughput qPCR platform for the detection of soil-transmitted helminth infections.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
January 2025
DeWorm3 Project, Seattle, Washington, United States of America.
Background: Historically, soil-transmitted helminth (STH) control and prevention strategies have relied on mass drug administration efforts targeting preschool and school-aged children. While these efforts have succeeded in reducing morbidity associated with STH infection, recent modeling efforts have suggested that expanding intervention to treatment of the entire community could achieve transmission interruption in some settings. Testing the feasibility of such an approach requires large-scale clinical trials, such as the DeWorm3 cluster randomized trial.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpidemiology of epiretinal membranes using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography in an Iranian elderly population.
Optom Vis Sci
January 2025
Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Significance: Epidemiological information about the epiretinal membrane is important for better clinical management and understanding of the nature and burden of this disease. There are some gaps in our understanding of the epidemiology of epiretinal membranes, particularly in Africa and the Middle East.
Purpose: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of epiretinal membrane using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) in an Iranian elderly population.
Internal validation of a convolutional neural network pipeline for assessing meibomian gland structure from meibography.
Optom Vis Sci
January 2025
Johnson & Johnson MedTech (Vision), Irvine, California.
Significance: Optimal meibography utilization and interpretation are hindered due to poor lid presentation, blurry images, or image artifacts and the challenges of applying clinical grading scales. These results, using the largest image dataset analyzed to date, demonstrate development of algorithms that provide standardized, real-time inference that addresses all of these limitations.
Purpose: This study aimed to develop and validate an algorithmic pipeline to automate and standardize meibomian gland absence assessment and interpretation.
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