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Engagement of adolescents with ADHD in a narrative-centered game-based behavior change environment to reduce alcohol use.
Front Educ (Lausanne)
January 2024
Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects about 13% of adolescents and is associated with substance use-related morbidity and mortality. While evidence on effective interventions to reduce alcohol use among adolescents with ADHD is limited, parent-teen communication about alcohol use has been found to be protective. Other approaches, such as educational interventions, hold promise to reduce alcohol-related harms in adolescents with ADHD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe strong correlation between reproductive life cycle type and chromosome numbers in green plants has been a long-standing mystery in evolutionary biology. Within green plants, the derived condition of heterosporous reproduction has emerged from the ancestral condition of homospory in disparate locations on the phylogenetic tree at least 11 times, of which three lineages are extant. In all green plant lineages where heterospory has emerged, there has been a significant downsizing in chromosome numbers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMethodological Approaches to Comparative Trend Analyses: The Case of Adolescent Toothbrushing.
Int J Public Health
January 2025
Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Objectives: Research questions about how and why health trends differ between populations require decisions about data analytic procedure. The objective was to document and compare the information returned from stratified, fixed effect and random effect approaches to data modelling for two prototypical descriptive research questions about comparative trends in toothbrushing.
Methods: Data included five cycles of the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children 2006 to 2022, which provided a sample of 980192 11- to 15- year olds from 35 countries.
Prognostic impact of inflammatory and nutritional biomarkers in pancreatic cancer.
World J Clin Oncol
January 2025
Department of Radiation Oncology, GenesisCare-San Francisco de Asís University Hospital, Madrid 28002, Spain.
Pancreatic cancer is usually associated with a poor prognosis. Surgery is the main curative treatment but pancreatic operations are aggressive and new tools that help clinicians to predict surgical and prognostic outcomes are necessary. Lu recently published a retrospective, single centre cohort study evaluating the impact of seven nutritional and inflammatory markers in pancreatic cancer surgical patients: The albumin-to-globulin ratio, prognostic nutritional index (PNI), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), nutritional risk index, and the geriatric nutritional risk index.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLarge language models for pretreatment education in pediatric radiation oncology: A comparative evaluation study.
Clin Transl Radiat Oncol
March 2025
Department of Radiation Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Wawelska 15B, 02-034 Warsaw, Poland.
Background And Purpose: Pediatric radiotherapy patients and their parents are usually aware of their need for radiotherapy early on, but they meet with a radiation oncologist later in their treatment. Consequently, they search for information online, often encountering unreliable sources. Large language models (LLMs) have the potential to serve as an educational pretreatment tool, providing reliable answers to their questions.
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