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Trace explosives sensor testbed (TESTbed).
Rev Sci Instrum
March 2017
Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, Southwest, Washington, D.C. 20375, USA.
A novel vapor delivery testbed, referred to as the Trace Explosives Sensor Testbed, or TESTbed, is demonstrated that is amenable to both high- and low-volatility explosives vapors including nitromethane, nitroglycerine, ethylene glycol dinitrate, triacetone triperoxide, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, pentaerythritol tetranitrate, and hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine. The TESTbed incorporates a six-port dual-line manifold system allowing for rapid actuation between a dedicated clean air source and a trace explosives vapor source. Explosives and explosives-related vapors can be sourced through a number of means including gas cylinders, permeation tube ovens, dynamic headspace chambers, and a Pneumatically Modulated Liquid Delivery System coupled to a perfluoroalkoxy total-consumption microflow nebulizer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrace Explosives Vapor Generation and Quantitation at Parts per Quadrillion Concentrations.
Anal Chem
April 2016
Chemistry Division, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory , Washington, D.C. 20375, United States.
The generation of trace 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX), and pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) vapors using a pneumatically modulated liquid delivery system (PMLDS) coupled to a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) total-consumption micronebulizer is presented. The vapor generator operates in a continuous manner with final vapor concentrations proportional to the explosive concentration in aqueous solution delivered through the nebulizer and the diluent air flow rate. For quantitation of concentrations in the parts per billionvolume (ppbv) to parts per trillionvolume (pptrv) range, Tenax-TA thermal desorption tubes were used for vapor collection with subsequent analysis on a thermal-desorption system programmable-temperature vaporization gas chromatograph (TDS-PTV-GC) with a μ-ECD detector.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn integrated chip for immunofluorescence and its application to analyze lysosomal storage disorders.
Lab Chip
January 2012
College of Engineering, and Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
Immunofluorescence (IF) is a common method to observe protein distribution and localization at the single-cell level through wide-field fluorescence or confocal microscopy. Conventional protocol for IF staining of cells typically requires a large amount of reagents, especially antibodies, and noticeable investment in both labor and time. Microfluidic technologies provide a cost-effective alternative: it can evaluate and optimize experimental conditions, and perform automatic and high-throughput IF staining on-chip.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMeasuring rapid enzymatic kinetics by electrochemical method in droplet-based microfluidic devices with pneumatic valves.
Anal Chem
July 2009
Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
This paper describes a droplet-based microfluidic chip with pneumatic valves for measuring millisecond enzyme kinetics using amperometric detection method. Aqueous streams containing reactants were injected to an oil flow to form droplets, and each droplet represented one microreactor. Pneumatic valves were used to control the moving distance and in turn the reaction time of the droplets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTowards total-consumption pneumatic liquid micro-sample-introduction systems in ICP spectrochemistry.
Anal Bioanal Chem
January 2004
Laboratoire des Sciences Analytiques, University of Lyon I, 69622 Villeurbanne, France.
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