Rat amylin differs from human amylin (hIAPP) in that it lacks a fibril-forming capacity. As a consequence, toxic effects have been reported for human but not for rat amylin. This report demonstrates how a mercury contamination of commercial rat amylin imitates peptide-related vasoactive and cytotoxic effects on preparations of isolated blood vessels. The source of mercury contamination was believed related to the peptide synthesis. Thiol groups of cysteine-containing peptides are often protected by acetamidomethyl (Acm) which is cleaved by mercuric acetate.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.peptides.2003.07.010 | DOI Listing |
Int J Biol Macromol
January 2025
Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430074, PR China. Electronic address:
The amyloid aggregation of hIAPP and the increased level of oxidative stress are closely related to the occurrence and development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Protein tyrosine nitration is a common post-translational modification under oxidative stress conditions. We previously found that tyrosine nitrated hIAPP (3-NT-hIAPP) has higher cytotoxicity than wild type hIAPP.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Neuropsychiatr
December 2024
Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Objective: Combining different pharmaceuticals may be beneficial when treating disorders with complex neurobiology, including alcohol use disorder (AUD). The gut-brain peptides amylin and GLP-1 may be of potential interest as they individually reduce alcohol intake in rodents. While the combination of amylin receptor (AMYR) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists have been found to decrease feeding and body weight in obese male rats synergistically, their combined impact on alcohol intake is unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBr J Pharmacol
December 2024
Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Pharmacology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Background And Purpose: The limited effectiveness of current pharmacological treatments for alcohol use disorder (AUD) highlights the need for novel therapies. These may involve the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor or the amylin receptor, as treatment with agonists targeting either of these receptors lowers alcohol intake. The complexity of the mechanisms underlying AUD indicates that combining agents could enhance treatment efficacy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Funct
December 2024
School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1H 8M5, Canada.
Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) fibrillation induces β-cell dysfunction and toxicity in patients with type 2 diabetes. Cytotoxicity is caused by the ability of IAPP fibrils and fibrillar intermediates to permeate the cellular membrane of pancreatic β-cells, trigger endoplasmic reticular stress, induce reactive oxygen species production, and upregulate apoptosis-related genes. Thus, inhibition of IAPP fibrillation is of great interest for preventing associated cytotoxicity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiochem Biophys Res Commun
December 2024
School of Nutrition Sciences, Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1H 8M5, Canada; Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada; University Food Properties and Nutrient Bioavailability, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8M5, Canada. Electronic address:
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