[New blood substitutes of polyfunctional action].

The paper deals with two categories of new oxygen-carrying blood substitute solutions (OCBSS), based on a modified hemoglobin (MG) and perfluor-organic carbon emulsion (PCE), and with crystalloid and colloid blood substitutes of the antihypoxic action containing the Crebs' substrate (sodium fumarat). Described are the results of clinical use of Russian OCBSS based on MG (Gelenpol) and on PCE (Perftoran) in 151 patients with hemorrhagic shock and intraoperative blood loss. Both drugs are allowed for medical application in Russia. Gelenpol was administered at 1 to 6 units, perftoran--at 10-15 ml/kg. An improved oxygen status as well as normalization of hemodynamics, microcirculation, rheology, and of blood acid-base balance (ABB) were registered. Gelenpol had a hematosis-stimulating action. The combined use of both drugs or one of them alone in surgery is under discussion. The OCBSS efficiency can be enhanced when they are used jointly with the first Russian infusion antihypoxants containing sodium furmarat, i.e. Mufasol and Polyoxyfumarin. Both of them were shown to normalize the oxidation in tissues, to recover the mitochondrial metabolism in the liver and myocardium and to improve the blood ABB when used in hypovolemic and hypoxic conditions of different etiologies, in substituting for intraoperative blood losses (gastrointestinal hemorrhages), in polytrauma and destructive cholecystitis as well as in preoperative preparations of patients with diffuse peritonitis. The OCBSS preparations and antihypoxants are undoubtedly drugs of choice in emergency infusion-transfusion therapy and in cases of multiple victims from accidents.