Recent studies using Wide Range Achievement Test-Revised (WRAT-R) Reading scores as estimates of premorbid abilities have demonstrated that distinct neuropsychological deficit profiles may be associated with specific cognitive disorders such as traumatic brain injury [Brain Inj. 9 (1995) 377] and lupus [Appl. Neuropsychol. 7 (2000) 96], and that these deficit scores predict both functional and financial outcomes [J. Head Trauma Rehab. 14 (1999) 220]. Although the main cognitive deficits associated with senile dementia of the Alzheimer's type (SDAT) are well known, the relative degree of impairment in each has yet to be adequately determined. The present study calculated indices of relative decline (zDiff) for 32 patients with probable SDAT by comparing estimates of premorbid functioning to concurrent neuropsychological test scores. The results suggest that intelligence is least declined in SDAT [Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R) FIQ, zDiff=-0.72], followed by attention [Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised (WMS-R) Attention Index, zDiff=-1.14], memory (WMS-R General Memory, zDiff=-2.12; WMS-R Delay Memory, zDiff=-2.33), speed of processing (Trails A, zDiff=-2.85), and cognitive flexibility (Trails B, zDiff=-5.33). Clinical and research implications are discussed.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Characterization of cognitive functioning in complex PTSD compared to non-complex PTSD.
Front Psychiatry
January 2025
Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Background: Previous research has indicated cognitive impairments in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), specifically in attention, memory, and executive functioning. However, there is limited knowledge about the cognitive profile of individuals with complex PTSD (cPTSD), a new diagnosis in ICD-11. Moreover, predictors of cognitive impairment remain unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExecutive dysfunction in Parkinson's disease: From neurochemistry to circuits, genetics and neuroimaging.
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry
January 2025
Department of Rehabilitation, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China; Department of Neurology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China; Department of Clinical Medical Research Center, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China. Electronic address:
Cognitive decline is one of the most significant non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD), with executive dysfunction (EDF) being the most prominent characteristic of PD-associated cognitive deficits. Currently, lack of uniformity in the conceptualization and assessment scales for executive functions impedes the early and accurate diagnosis of executive dysfunction in PD. The neurobiological mechanisms of executive dysfunction in PD remain poorly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCognitive Deficits in Anti-LGI1 Encephalitis Are Linked to Immunotherapy-Resistant White Matter Network Changes.
Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm
March 2025
Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin.
Background And Objectives: Cognitive deficits represent a major long-term complication of anti-leucine-rich, glioma-inactivated 1 encephalitis (LGI1-E). Although severely affecting patient outcomes, the structural brain changes underlying these deficits remain poorly understood. In this study, we hypothesized a link between white matter (WM) networks and cognitive outcomes in LGI1-E.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCognitive dysfunction in systemic lupus erythematosus: Its relationship with intracerebral volumes and antiphospholipid antibody profile. Case series.
Med Clin (Barc)
January 2025
Fundación Valle del Lili, Departamento de Radiología, Cali, Colombia.
Introduction: The incidence of cognitive compromise in systemic lupus erythematosus is variable; it presents early and is usually asymptomatic. Our study evaluated the frequency of cognitive impairment in patients without a previous diagnosis of neuropsychiatric lupus and compared the differences in intracerebral size in subgroups with cognitive alterations and positive autoantibodies.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study.
A case of severe TBI: Recovery?
Appl Neuropsychol Child
January 2025
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, USA.
Chronic stage neuropsychological assessments of children with severe TBI typically center around a referral question and focus on assessing cognitive, behavioral, and emotional functioning, making differential diagnoses, and planning treatment. When severe TBI-related neurological deficits are subtle and fall outside commonly assessed behavioral indicators, as can happen with theory of mind and social information processing, they can go unobserved and subsequently fail to be assessed. Additionally, should chronic stage cognitive, behavioral, and emotional assessment findings fall within the average to above average range, a child experiencing ongoing significant unassessed severe TBI-related subtle deficits could be mistakenly judged to have "recovered" from their injury; and to be experiencing no significant ongoing residual neurological deficits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!