The purpose of this study was to understand the clinical significance of the morphology and blood supply of the falciform ligament in laparoscopic surgery. The structure, blood vessel distribution and anastomoses of the falciform ligament were observed in 20 cases of living laparoscopy, 30 cadaveric specimens injected with latex and five cadaveric specimens with Indian ink and hyaline. The falciform ligament was formed by two sides of peritoneum and its length, largest and smallest width were 8.3+/-1.6 cm, 4.9+/-0.8 cm and 1.1+/-0.3 cm, respectively. The left inferior phrenic artery and middle segment artery of the liver formed a vessel that arched and gave off 6-12 branches to the falciform ligament. The veins of the falciform ligament drained into the left inferior phrenic vein, and were not accompanied by any artery. In conclusion, the vessels of the falciform ligament anastomose with multiple vessels and form a significant pathway of the collateral circulation in the liver. The falciform ligament is an important landmark in laparoscopic surgery.
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