The aim of the investigation was to estimate the peculiarities of myocardial remodelling on the conditions of experimental hypercholesterolemia. Experiments were carried out on chinchilla breed male rabbits weighing from 2.3 to 3.0 kilos and being of three-four months of age (15 rabbits). Rabbits were fed daily with 0.2 g/kilo of cholesterol during twelve months. We defined the percentage volume, perimeter and the number of separate fibers per field of collagenous matrix and the volume of cardiomyocytes by computerized image analysis system connected with the microscope by CCD camera. We defined that various degree of stenosis of epicardial coronary arteries and their intramural branches leading to absolute lumen narrowing due to long duration of hypercholesterolemia (12 months) is the cause of chronic ischemia and remodelling of the myocardial structures of left and right ventricles. In case of chronic ischemia, cardiomyocytes in the left ventricle are replaced by multifocal reparative fibrosis, in the right ventricle such changes were not observed. Percentage volume of interstitial collagenous fibres increases about 1.2 (p<0.05) in the left ventricle and 1.26 times (p<0.05) in the right ventricle, i. e. interstitial fibrosis is being formed.
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