Four new alpha-pyrone-containing propionates (5-8) and an unprecedented hydroperoxide 9 have been isolated from the mantle extract of Placida dendritica, a Mediterranean sacoglossan that lives upon the green alga Bryopsis plumosa. The new metabolites co-occur with the related compounds 1-4, which have been described in previous studies of the mollusc. The presence of 9 opens intriguing perspectives on the ecological role of placidenes. This paper reports the isolation and structural elucidation of the new compounds 5-9.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/np0300176 | DOI Listing |
Zootaxa
June 2019
Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo-SP, 04263-000, Brazil Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Los Angeles, California 90032-8201, USA..
Nearly all of the recognized species of sea slugs in clade Sacoglossa (about 300 taxa) are herbivorous, using a uniseriate radula in suctorial feeding. The only exceptions are a pair of monotypic genera in the ceratiform family Limapontiidae: Olea Agersborg, 1923 from the northeastern Pacific, and Calliopaea d'Orbigny, 1837 from the northeastern Atlantic coast of Europe and the Mediterranean. Both genera feed on the eggs of other heterobranchs, notably cephalaspideans, and lack cerata on the anterior dorsum.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Zool
January 2014
Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, 53113 Bonn, Germany.
Introduction: The Mediterranean sacoglossan Elysia timida is one of the few sea slug species with the ability to sequester chloroplasts from its food algae and to subsequently store them in a functional state in the digestive gland cells for more than a month, during which time the plastids retain high photosynthetic activity (= long-term retention). Adult E. timida have been described to feed on the unicellular alga Acetabularia acetabulum in their natural environment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChembiochem
January 2009
CNR-Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy.
Polypropionates that incorporate pyrones are a family of polyketides featuring the chemistry of a few marine molluscs capable of phototrophic CO(2) fixation as a result of storing viable symbiotic chloroplasts in their bodies. The role and origin of these molecules is poorly investigated, although the unusual biological activities and chemistry of these natural products have recently received renewed interest. Here, we report the results of in vivo studies on production of gamma-pyrone-containing polypropionates in the Mediterranean mollusc Elysia viridis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMetabolites related to caulerpenyne (1), a toxic sesquiterpene featured by two enol-acetate residues, play a major role in the chemical defence of both algae of the genus Caulerpa and a few molluscs of the order Sacoglossa. Here we report the direct evidence that cell-free preparations of Oxynoe olivacea, a Mediterranean sacoglossan, transform efficiently the algal metabolite 1 to oxytoxin-2 (3), the main defensive metabolite of the mollusc. The process implies two distinct hydrolytic activities, here named LIP-1 and LIP-2, able to operate either hydrolysis of the acetyl residue at C-1 or concerted elimination of the acetyl groups at C-4 and C-13.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Nat Prod
October 2003
Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy.
Four new alpha-pyrone-containing propionates (5-8) and an unprecedented hydroperoxide 9 have been isolated from the mantle extract of Placida dendritica, a Mediterranean sacoglossan that lives upon the green alga Bryopsis plumosa. The new metabolites co-occur with the related compounds 1-4, which have been described in previous studies of the mollusc. The presence of 9 opens intriguing perspectives on the ecological role of placidenes.
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