Pituitary cysts are usually craniopharyngiomas or remnants of Rathke's cleft. Histologically craniopharyngiomas are lined by stratified squamous epithelium whereas Rathke's cleft cysts are lined by cuboidal or columnar epithelium. The management of pituitary cysts remains difficult because of the risks associated with attempts at complete removal and the chances of recurrence after inadequate resection. We describe 3 cases of cystic craniopharyngiomas and one case of Rathke's cleft cyst which recurred after surgery and were subsequently managed successfully with pituitary-nasal drains.
Background: Most cases of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) are caused by infertility treatment using human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). OHSS is widely known to have a "spoke-wheel" appearance on imaging, presenting as bilateral symmetric enlargement of ovaries with multiple cysts of varying sizes. When this spoke-wheel appearance is observed in patients not undergoing infertility treatment, tumor-derived hormones such as follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and hCG should be measured.
- Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder in women, influenced by genetic and environmental factors, especially connected to the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis genes.
- A study investigated various single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in five melanocortin receptor genes within 212 Italian families with PCOS, finding significant associations with certain SNPs in MC1R, MC2R, MC3R, and MC5R.
- This research highlights the role of specific melanocortin receptor genes in PCOS, marking a new connection, while emphasizing the need for further functional studies to confirm these findings.
Yunnan Provincial Key Lab of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China.
Objective: To investigate the relationship and potential pathways between metal(loid) exposure and the risk of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in women of childbearing age.
Methods: This case-control study included 200 patients with PCOS (cases) and 896 non-PCOS controls with the age of 25-37 years. The concentrations of 29 metal(loid)s in the follicular fluid (FF) and clinical indicators in the serum were measured in all participants.
Objective: Pituitary lesions are rare in the pediatric population. They consist of a heterogenous group of neoplasms including pituitary adenomas (PA) and Rathke cleft cysts (RCC). Their natural history, management strategies, and long-term outcomes are mostly extrapolated from adult experience.
