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Objective: To assess subjective symptoms, tear function factors, and ocular surface morphology in the clinical course of patients with dry eye syndrome under treatment within an observation period of up to 8 years.
Methods: In 97 patients (78 women and 19 men) with ocular discomfort, a clinical diagnosis of dry eye syndrome was made based on typical symptoms and a reduced tear film breakup time of less than 10 seconds. Subsequent evaluations revealed a diagnosis of aqueous tear deficiency in 9 patients, meibomian gland dysfunction in 32 patients, and aqueous tear deficiency combined with meibomian gland dysfunction in 30 patients, aqueous tear deficiency associated with Sjögren syndrome in 12 patients, and aqueous tear deficiency and meibomian gland dysfunction associated with Sjögren syndrome in 14 patients. Follow-up assessments were performed 12 to 94 months (mean follow-up, 40 months) after the initial diagnosis.
Main Outcome Measures: In different subgroups of dry eye tear film breakup time, Schirmer test without local anesthesia (Schirmer I), fluorescein and rose bengal staining, impression cytology, as well as subjective dry eye symptoms and frequency of tear substitute application were compared at baseline and after a follow-up of 1 to 8 years (mean, 3.3 years).
Results: At baseline, tear film function and ocular surface test results found more pathologic abnormalities and more severe subjective symptoms in patients with aqueous tear deficiency associated with Sjögren syndrome and aqueous tear deficiency and meibomian gland dysfunction associated with Sjögren syndrome compared with the other groups who had dry eye syndrome. No differences in frequency of tear substitute application were observed. At follow-up, tear breakup time, Schirmer I test results, and corneal fluorescein staining improved compared with baseline values, whereas rose bengal staining and impression cytology of the conjunctival surface remained almost unchanged. Subjective symptoms and frequency of artificial tear application were reduced.
Conclusions: Within the observation period of up to 8 years, the dry eye syndrome improved or stabilized under appropriate treatment. Although no patient was completely cured, subjective reports as well as frequency of artificial tear application were reduced.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archopht.121.10.1364 | DOI Listing |
J Ocul Pharmacol Ther
December 2024
Department of Ophthalmology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.
To evaluate the efficacy of human placental extract (HPE) eye drops compared to that of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and human peripheral blood serum (HPBS) eye drops in a mouse model of experimental dry eye (EDE) and corneal alkali burns. EDE and alkali burn models were induced in C57BL/6 mice using desiccating stress and NaOH, respectively. In both the EDE and alkali burn models, treatment groups received CMC, HPBS, or HPE eye drops.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExp Eye Res
December 2024
Departments of Biochemistry and Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. Electronic address:
Organelles such as mitochondria, lysosomes, peroxisomes, and the endoplasmic reticulum form highly dynamic cellular networks and exchange information through sites of physical contact. While each organelle performs unique functions, this inter-organelle crosstalk helps maintain cell homeostasis. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a devastating blinding disease strongly associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and decreased clearance of cellular debris in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhotodiagnosis Photodyn Ther
December 2024
School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai. Electronic address:
Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness that affects the eye from the age of fifty-five and older. It impacts on the retina, the light-sensitive layer of the eye. In early AMD, yellowish deposits called drusen, form under the retina, which could result in distortion and gradual blurring of vision.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorld J Exp Med
December 2024
Department of Optometry, University of Benin, Benin 3000283, Nigeria.
Autologous blood therapy has emerged as a promising modality in managing ocular surface disorders. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current literature regarding the use of autologous blood in ocular surface disorders, encompassing its physiological basis, clinical applications, techniques, challenges, and future perspectives. The ocular surface, comprising the cornea, conjunctiva, and tear film, plays a critical role in maintaining visual function, and its disruption can lead to various pathological conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Endocrinol (Lausanne)
December 2024
Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology, Ophthalmopathy Unit I, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Introduction: Graves' Orbitopathy (GO) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation of orbital tissues, leading to various ocular manifestations, including ocular surface disease. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the presence of ocular surface disease using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) in patients with Graves' disease (GD) and moderate-to-severe active GO compared to those with GD and mild non-active GO. Additionally, we aimed to investigate the correlation between ocular surface disease and the eye features of GO.
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