AI Article Synopsis
- Antidepressants are categorized by their pharmacologic mechanisms, influencing both effectiveness and side effects.
- Current U.S. antidepressants mainly target neurotransmitters like serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine.
- New treatments are being explored, including hormone therapies and novel agents that impact different neurotransmission pathways, potentially transforming depression treatment.
Article Abstract
Antidepressants are divided into several classes on the basis of their pharmacologic mechanisms of action, which are thought to be responsible for both their therapeutic actions and their side effect profiles. All classes currently available in the United States affect serotonin, norepinephrine, and/or dopamine neurotransmission. New agents in development also affect neurotransmission of such monoamines and include serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, serotonin-selective agents, selective monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. Treatments with entirely new mechanisms of action are also being studied, including hormone-linked treatments such as estrogen replacement therapy and the steroid antagonist mifepristone (RU-486 or C-1073); novel antagonist peptides such as corticotropin-releasing factor, neurokinins, and injectable pentapeptides; and agents that affect glutamate neurotransmission. The introduction of antidepressants with novel mechanisms of action could potentially revolutionize the treatment of depression.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Targeting AXL inhibits the growth and metastasis of prostate cancer in bone.
Clin Cancer Res
January 2025
Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States.
Purpose: After failing primary and secondary hormonal therapy, castration-resistant and neuroendocrine prostate cancer metastatic to the bone is invariably lethal, although treatment with docetaxel and carboplatin can modestly improve survival. Therefore, agents targeting biologically relevant pathways in PCa and potentially synergizing with docetaxel and carboplatin in inhibiting bone metastasis growth are urgently needed.
Experimental Design: Phosphorylated (activated) AXL expression in human prostate cancer bone metastases was assessed by immunohistochemical staining.
Parasitoid wasp venoms degrade imaginal discs for successful parasitism.
Sci Adv
January 2025
Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan.
Parasitoid wasps, one of the most diverse and species-rich animal groups on Earth, produce venoms that manipulate host development and physiology to exploit resources. However, mechanisms of actions of these venoms remain poorly understood. Here, we discovered that the endoparasitoid wasp, , induces apoptosis, autophagy, and mitotic arrest in the adult tissue precursors of its host larvae.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInotodiol induces hepatocellular carcinoma apoptosis by activation of MAPK/ERK pathway.
PLoS One
January 2025
Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) has a high mortality and morbidity rate and seriously jeopardizes human life. Chemicals and chemotherapeutic agents have been experiencing problems such as side effects and drug resistance in the treatment of HCC, which cannot meet the needs of clinical treatment. Therefore, finding novel low-toxicity and high-efficiency anti-hepatocellular carcinoma drugs and exploring their mechanisms of action have become the current problems to be solved in the treatment of HCC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBidirectional transparency in human-agent communications: effects of direction and level of transparency.
Ergonomics
January 2025
Department of Industrial Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
This study investigated whether bidirectional transparency, compared to agent-to-human transparency, improved human-agent collaboration. Additionally, we examined the optimal transparency levels for both humans and agents. We assessed the impact of transparency direction and level on various metrics of a human-agent team, including performance, trust, satisfaction, perceived agent's teaming skills, and mental workload.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRevealing distinct treatment mechanisms and outcome correlations in patients with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome after different bladder therapies through urinary biomarker analysis.
Int Urol Nephrol
January 2025
Department of Urology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
Purpose: Urinary cytokine changes may serve as biomarkers to assess treatment outcomes for interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS). This study analyzed the changes in urinary cytokines following various bladder therapies and explored their clinical significance in therapeutic mechanisms.
Methods: A total of 122 patients with IC/BPS treated with platelet-rich plasma (PRP), botulinum toxin-A (BoTN-A), hyaluronic acid (HA), or low-energy shock wave (LESW) were evaluated.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!