This review critically examines the current methods of eliminating and preventing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. It illustrates both the experimental and practical limitations that each approach faces, and how they may be overcome. An overview of the HIV, including its structure and life cycle is presented. Subsequently, the two main methods of post-infection treatment, drug and gene therapy are outlined. The development of HIV vaccination is discussed with an analysis of conventional vaccination techniques leading into the novel approaches. The final option examined describes the potential for a combined vaccination regimen. Finally, the question of why these approaches have met with little success is addressed. This includes practical research limitations, as well as an examination of the qualities of HIV that make it so elusive.
In vivo, molecular imaging is prevalent for biology research and therapeutic practice. Among advanced imaging technologies, photoacoustic (PA) imaging and sensing is gaining interest around the globe due its exciting features like high resolution and good (~ few cm) penetration depth. PA imaging is a recent development in ultrasonic technology that generates acoustic waves by absorbing optical energy.
DREAMM-11 (NCT03828292) was a Phase 1, open-label, dose-escalation study of belantamab mafodotin in Japanese patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). In Part 1, belantamab mafodotin monotherapy (2.5 or 3.
Department of Surgery, Division of HBP Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
Large language models, specifically ChatGPT, are revolutionizing clinical research by improving content creation and providing specific useful features. These technologies can transform clinical research, including data collection, analysis, interpretation, and results sharing. However, integrating these technologies into the academic writing workflow poses significant challenges.
LiTiO (LTO) batteries are known for safety and long lifespan due to zero-strain and stable lattice. However, their low specific capacity and lithium-ion diffusion limit practical use. This study explored modifying LTO through yttrium doping by hydrothermal method to form LiYTiO nanoparticles.
Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Surgery, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University of Singapore, Singapore.
Background: Fungating breast wounds cause significant complications and morbidity to patients. Wound care is of paramount importance in optimising care and alleviating suffering for patients with malignant breast wounds. Currently, routinely implemented objective assessment tools for fungating breast wound treatment outcomes are non-existent, and institutional practice varies.
