Oral fungal infections (mycoses) have come into particular prominence since the advent of infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), and recognition of the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), as well as the phenomenal increase in world travel with increased exposure to infections endemic in the tropics. Paracoccidioidomycosis is a rare mycosis worldwide but common in Brazil and some other areas in Latin America. It can be life-threatening and can manifest with a spectrum of clinical presentations, including frequent oral lesions. This paper reviews the more recent information on Paracoccidioidomycosis, emphasizing those areas most relevant in dental science.
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Classic Presentation of Oral Paracoccidioidomycosis.
Mycopathologia
September 2024
Palmas General Hospital, Palmas, Tocantins, Brazil.
Single ulcers on the tongue dorsum: differential diagnosis between paracoccidioidomycosis and squamous cell carcinoma.
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal
July 2024
Oral Medicine Department AC Camargo Cancer Center R. Prof. Antonio Prudente, 211, Liberdade CEP: 01509-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
Article Synopsis
- Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) are significant health concerns in Brazil, with both conditions occasionally presenting as single ulcers on the tongue dorsum.
- A study evaluated 9 patients (5 with OSCC averaging 70 years old and 4 with PCM averaging 51 years old) diagnosed with these conditions, revealing lesions that were mostly infiltrated and firm to the touch.
- The findings emphasized the importance of considering both PCM and OSCC in differential diagnosis for tongue ulcers, highlighting the necessity of incisional biopsy for accurate diagnosis and treatment decisions.
Oral paracoccidioidomycosis: a retrospective study of 95 cases from a single center and literature review.
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal
March 2023
Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro R. Rodolpho Paulo Rocco, n. 325, 1st floor, Cidade Universitária CEP: 21.941-902. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
Article Synopsis
- The study focuses on the oral lesions of paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) in Brazil, highlighting a gap in existing research and aiming to detail the clinicopathological features based on cases from a maxillofacial pathology service in Rio de Janeiro.
- A retrospective analysis of oral biopsies from 1958 to 2021 revealed 95 cases of oral PCM, predominantly affecting middle-aged white males, with the most common lesions occurring in the gingiva and lips.
- The findings align with previous studies in Latin America, suggesting that clinicians should recognize the oral signs of PCM and consider clinicodemographic trends and differential diagnoses given the rising cases in diverse Brazilian regions.
A surprising finding: The curious case of a tongue lesion misdiagnosed as paracoccidioidomycosis.
Rev Iberoam Micol
March 2023
Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. Electronic address:
Background: Paracoccidioidomycosis is an endemic mycosis caused by members of the Paracoccidioides genus. Brazil remains the focus area and, to a lesser extent, the disease has been reported from Argentina, Colombia and Venezuela.
Aims: A Venezuelan Paracoccidioides brasiliensis strain, isolated from a patient diagnosed with chronic multifocal paracoccidioidomycosis, was subjected to whole genome sequencing to provide more insight about Paracoccidioides outside the endemic focus area.
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