There is a need to calculate specific absorbed fractions (SAFs) in voxel phantoms for internal dosimetry. For this purpose, an EGS4 user code for calculating SAFs using voxel phantoms was developed on the basis of an existing EGS4 user code for external dosimetry (UCPIXEL). In the developed code, the transport of photons, electrons and positrons in voxel phantoms can be simulated, particularly the transport simulations of secondary electrons in voxel phantoms. The evaluated SAFs for the GSF 'Child' voxel phantom using the developed code were found to be in good agreement with the GSF evaluated data. In addition, SAFs in adult voxel phantoms developed at JAERI were evaluated using the developed code and were compared with several published data. It was found that SAFs for organ self-absorption depend on the organ masses and would be affected by differences in the structure of the human body.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006303 | DOI Listing |
Imaging Sci Dent
December 2024
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden.
Purpose: This study investigated the impact of the field of view (FOV), voxel size, and exposure parameters on the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).
Materials And Methods: A SedentexCT phantom was scanned using 3D Accuitomo 170 across 3 FOVs (40×40 mm, 60×60 mm, 80×80 mm). Each FOV had 4 settings for kVp and 3 for mA.
J Med Imaging (Bellingham)
January 2025
University of Houston, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Houston, Texas, United States.
Purpose: Digital phantoms are one of the key components of virtual imaging trials (VITs) that aim to assess and optimize new medical imaging systems and algorithms. However, these phantoms vary in their voxel resolution, appearance, and structural details. We investigate whether and how variations between digital phantoms influence system optimization with digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) as a chosen modality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Med Imaging (Bellingham)
December 2024
University of Houston, Department of Physics, Houston, Texas, United States.
Purpose: Photon counting detectors offer promising advancements in computed tomography (CT) imaging by enabling the quantification and three-dimensional imaging of contrast agents and tissue types through simultaneous multi-energy projections from broad X-ray spectra. However, the accuracy of these decomposition methods hinges on precise composite spectral attenuation values that one must reconstruct from spectral micro-CT. Errors in such estimations could be due to effects such as beam hardening, object scatter, or detector sensor-related spectral distortions such as fluorescence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIEEE Access
November 2024
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
The achievable spatial resolution of C metabolic images acquired with hyperpolarized C-pyruvate is worse than H images typically by an order of magnitude due to the rapidly decaying hyperpolarized signals and the low gyromagnetic ratio of C. This study is to develop and characterize a volumetric patch-based super-resolution reconstruction algorithm that enhances spatial resolution C cardiac MRI by utilizing structural information from H MRI. The reconstruction procedure comprises anatomical segmentation from high-resolution H MRI, calculation of a patch-based weight matrix, and iterative reconstruction of high-resolution multi-slice C MRI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEJNMMI Phys
December 2024
Department of Control Engineering and Information Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3., Budapest, 1111, Hungary.
Background: In the back projection step of the 3D PET reconstruction, all Lines of Responses (LORs) that go through a given voxel need to be identified and included in an integral. The standard Monte Carlo solution to this task samples stochastically the surfaces of the detector crystals and the volume of the voxel to search for valid LORs. To get a low noise Monte Carlo estimate, the number of samples needs to be very high, making the computational cost of the projection significant.
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