Involvement of the beta3 E749ATSTFTN756 region in stabilizing integrin alphaIIbbeta3-ligand interaction.

Platelet integrin alphaIIbbeta3 must be activated via intracellular mechanisms before it binds soluble ligands, and it is thought to be activated at its extracellular site by surface-bound ligands. Integrin activation is associated with rearrangement of the cytoskeleton and phosphorylation of proteins that become localized in focal contacts. In these processes, the cytoplasmic tail of the beta-subunit plays a central role. We introduced peptides homologous to the E749ATSTFTN756 domain (E-N peptide) and the T755NITYRGT762 domain (T-T peptide) of beta3 in streptolysin O-permeabilized platelets and analyzed the initial interaction with soluble fibronectin, fibrinogen and PAC-1 after stimulation with thrombin. E-N peptide left the initial binding of fibronectin intact but interfered with stable receptor occupancy. E-N peptide also inhibited fibrinogen binding, thereby reducing the formation of large aggregates. Strikingly, E-N peptide did not disturb the binding of PAC-1, which is known to reflect activation of the integrin. E-N peptide also inhibited tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase, a response known to be dependent on alphaIIbbeta3. T-T peptide did not affect these processes. In a model for outside-in integrin activation, E-N peptide disrupted the binding of CHO cells expressing alphaIIbbeta3 to surface-bound ligand. Again, T-T peptide had no effect. We conclude that the E749ATSTFTN756 region of the beta3-tail stabilizes the binding of soluble and surface-bound ligand to integrin alphaIIbbeta3 via a mechanism that involves the phosphorylation of FAK.