Potential sources for the discrepancy between the letter position effects in T. R. Jordan, S. M. Thomas, G. R. Patching, and K. C. Scott-Brown's (2003; see record 2003-07955-013) and D. Briihl and A. W. Inhoff s (1995; see record 1995-20036-001) studies are examined. The authors conclude that the lack of control over where useful information is acquired during reading in Jordan et al.'s study, rather than differences in the orthographic consistency and the availability of word shape information, account for the discrepant effect pattern in the 2 studies. The processing of a word during reading begins before it is fixated, when beginning letters occupy a particularly favorable parafoveal location that is independent of word length. Knowledge of parafoveal word length cannot be used to selectively process exterior letters during the initial phase of visual word recognition.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.29.5.894 | DOI Listing |
Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol
October 2024
Fiber Science Program, Department of Human Centered Design, College of Human Ecology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.
Cyclodextrins (CDs) belong to a class of cyclic oligosaccharides characterized by their toroidal shape consisting of glucose units linked via α-1,4-glycosidic bonds. This distinctive toroidal shape exhibits a dual nature, comprising a hydrophobic interior and a hydrophilic exterior, making CDs highly versatile in various pharmaceutical products. They serve multiple roles: they act as solubilizers, stabilizers, controlled release promoters, enhancers of drug bioavailability, and effective means of masking undesirable tastes and odors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Omega
February 2024
Faculty of Sciences and Letters, Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul 34469, Turkey.
Acyclovir (ACV), a synthetic nucleoside derivative of purine, is one of the most potent antiviral medications recommended in the specific management of varicella-zoster and herpes simplex viruses. The molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was utilized to create an effective and specific electrochemical sensor using a straightforward photopolymerization process to determine ACV. The polymeric thin coating was developed using the template molecule ACV, a functional monomer acrylamide, a basic monomer 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, a cross-linker ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, and a photoinitiator 2-hydroxy-2-methyl propiophenone on the exterior of the glassy carbon electrode (GCE).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComput Med Imaging Graph
March 2023
Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Luodian Hospital, Baoshan District, Shanghai 201908, China. Electronic address:
The risk assessment of carotid plaque is strongly related to the plaque echo status in ultrasound. However, the echo classification of carotid plaques based on ultrasound remains challenging due to the changes in plaque shape and semantics, along with the complex vascular environment. This study proposed a framework for Classification of Plaque by Tracking Videos (CPTV).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProg Biophys Mol Biol
October 2022
Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology Evolutionary Medicine, 405 Hilgard Avenue University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. Electronic address:
It has previously been hypothesized that consciousness is the aggregate of our evolutionary history, forged by ontogeny and phylogeny via cell-cell communications. In an on-going effort to identify the serial pre-adaptations that gave rise to consciousness, certain fundamental properties of the emerging cell are addressed herein. Evolution is topologic because it began as a phase transition caused by gravity attracting lipid molecules, spontaneously forming micelles submersed in the ocean that covered the primordial Earth, forming a surface boundary between the exterior Cosmos and the interior of micelles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZootaxa
February 2022
Laboratorio de Aracnologa, Departamento de Biologa Comparada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autnoma de Mxico, Circuito Exterior s/n, Colonia Copilco el Bajo. C. P. 04510. Del. Coyoacn, Ciudad de Mxico, Mxico..
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