The UV-vis spectrophotometric ion-pair acidity scale in heptane has been significantly expanded: it includes now 21 bulky CH and NH indicator acids and spans for about 10 pKip units. The phosphazene base t-Bu-P4 was used for deprotonating. The correlations between acidities in heptane versus gas-phase acidities or acidities in DMSO or 1,2-dimethoxyethane have been made for some compounds. It was demonstrated that the substituent effects on the acidity of the studied CH acids are attenuated ca. 1.24 times when the gas phase is substituted for the nonpolar solvent, heptane. In its turn, for the series of NH acids, the latter is found to be a somewhat more differentiating solvent than DMSO.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo0343477 | DOI Listing |
Nutrients
January 2025
Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
: We aimed to identify neonatal circulating metabolic alterations associated with maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and to explore whether these altered metabolites could mediate the association of GDM with offspring neurodevelopment. Additionally, we investigated whether neonatal circulating metabolites could improve the prediction of offspring neurodevelopmental disorders over traditional risk factors. : The retrospective cohort study enrolled 1228 mother-child dyads in South China.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
January 2025
Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, E-29071 Málaga, Spain.
The importance of redox systems as fundamental elements in biology is now widely recognized across diverse fields, from ecology to cellular biology. Their connection to metabolism is particularly significant, as it plays a critical role in energy regulation and distribution within organisms. Over recent decades, metabolism has emerged as a relevant focus in studies of biological regulation, especially following its recognition as a hallmark of cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicroorganisms
January 2025
Life and Environmental Area, State University of Rio Grande do Sul, Encantado 95960-000, Brazil.
Wasted bread (WB) has been studied as an alternative ingredient for increasing the sustainable footprint in the beer production chain. There are gaps in the literature on the impact of WB on beer manufacturing. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the addition of WB as a replacement for wheat flakes in a craft beer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFoods
January 2025
College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, No. 1, Mingxian South Road, Taigu District, Jinzhong 030801, China.
The key flavor compound formation pathways resulting from indigenous microorganisms during the spontaneous fermentation of wine have not been thoroughly described. In this study, high-throughput metagenomic sequencing and untargeted metabolomics were utilized to investigate the evolution of microbial and metabolite profiles during spontaneous fermentation in industrial-scale wine production and to elucidate the formation mechanisms of key flavor compounds. Metabolome analysis showed that the total amount of esters, fatty acids, organic acids, aldehydes, terpenes, flavonoids, and non-flavonoids increased gradually during fermentation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNano Converg
January 2025
School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
Electrochemical water splitting, which encompasses the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), offers a promising route for sustainable hydrogen production. The development of efficient and cost-effective electrocatalysts is crucial for advancing this technology, especially given the reliance on expensive transition metals, such as Pt and Ir, in traditional catalysts. This review highlights recent advances in the design and optimization of electrocatalysts, focusing on density functional theory (DFT) as a key tool for understanding and improving catalytic performance in the HER and OER.
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