On average women live for about 30 years after the menopause. About 60-70% of consultations at the general practitioner and hospital specialist levels are for people over the age of 60, the majority of who are females. Therefore it is crucial to examine the effect of oestrogen prior to the menopause and how it interacts with other systems at cellular level. It is also important to examine why cells multiply and differentiate more efficiently in an oestrogenic milieu. This will give a better understanding of the degenerative processes of the menopause and will have profound implications on the design of effective hormone replacement therapy protocols.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a072547 | DOI Listing |
Mol Reprod Dev
January 2025
The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.
Echinoderms exhibit a wide range of reproductive strategies as adaptations to variable environments. The processes of gonadal development, germ cell differentiation, and spermatogenesis in echinoderms are crucial physiological processes that warrant further in-depth exploration. This review systematically summarizes research from early basic sciences to recent studies on male gonadal development and spermatogenesis, encompassing morphology, histology, physiology, cell biology, developmental biology, and evolutionary biology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Pediatr
December 2024
Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy.
In patients affected by anorexia nervosa (AN) different endocrine abnormalities have been described, but, among them, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) dysfunction, although associated to important side effects, is underestimated and has no therapeutical options. We present a narrative literature review to investigate the HPA axis in patients with AN, in order to highlight HPA dysfunction and its effects. We also described the crucial role of HPA monitoring, and to consider eventual therapeutic and preventive strategies in AN patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSemin Reprod Med
June 2024
Quanovate Tech, San Francisco, California.
Ovulation is a vital sign, as significant as body temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure, in assessing overall health and identifying potential health issues. Ovulation is a key event of the menstrual cycle that provides insights into the hormonal and reproductive health aspects. Affected by the orchestra of hormones, namely thyroid, prolactin, and androgens, disruptions in ovulation can indicate endocrinological conditions and lead to gynecological problems, such as heavy menstrual bleeding, irregular periods, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, and difficulties in getting pregnant.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPediatr Neurol
January 2025
The Division of Hematology and Oncology, St. Louis Children's Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
Background: Pediatric suprasellar tumors represent a unique and intricate challenge in the landscape of pediatric neuro-oncology.
Methods: We conducted an in-depth literature review, focusing on large clinical trials and major publications in pediatric suprasellar tumors, particularly craniopharyngiomas and germ cell tumors, to provide a comprehensive perspective on the challenges in the diagnosis, treatment, and molecular aspects of these tumors.
Results: Nestled within the critical confines of the suprasellar region, these tumors manifest against the backdrop of crucial growth and developmental processes.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)
November 2024
Unit of Pediatrics, Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Background: Rett syndrome (RTT) is an X-linked progressive neurodevelopmental disorder that involves mainly girls and is the second most frequent cause of genetic intellectual disability. RTT leads to neurological regression between 6 and 18 months of life and could be associated with a variable neurological impairment. However, RTT affects not only neurological function but also wide aspects of non-neurological organs.
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