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Flying Blind: How Thorough are IRBs when Assessing Scientific Value?
J Gen Intern Med
December 2024
Department of Internal Medicine, General Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, USA.
Background: Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) in the United States play a crucial role in ensuring the ethical conduct of clinical trials, including assessing the scientific merit of studies to justify the risks to participants. However, prior research suggests that many IRBs do not systematically evaluate scientific merit, raising concerns about the approval of low-quality trials.
Objective: To investigate whether IRBs provide adequate guidance on assessing scientific merit in their Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) and other relevant materials.
The evidence supporting AHA guidelines on adult cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
PLoS One
December 2024
Center for Resuscitation Science, Department of Science and Education KI SOS, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.
Article Synopsis
- Guidelines for cardiac arrest management were analyzed to assess the strength and quality of the evidence supporting them, revealing both strengths and significant gaps in knowledge.
- The review of the 2020 American Heart Association (AHA) Guidelines identified 254 recommendations, mostly classified under advanced life support (ALS) and basic life support (BLS), but only 1% of recommendations were based on the strongest level of evidence (LOE A).
- Only 32% of the highest class recommendations were backed by strong evidence (LOE A or B), highlighting the need for more rigorous research, especially randomized trials, to improve the quality of guidelines.
Optimizing public private partnerships to support clinical cancer research.
J Natl Cancer Inst
December 2024
University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Public-private partnerships (PPPs) in cancer research have emerged as a pivotal model in the development of strategies to rapidly advance therapeutic innovations. The collaboration between public entities, such as government agencies and research institutions, and private entities, including pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, as well as nonprofit organizations, brings together diverse expertise, resources, and perspectives to address the challenges of efficient drug development and equitable care delivery. This synergy has the potential to accelerate the translation of basic research findings into tangible clinical applications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDevelopment of a neoadjuvant chemotherapy efficacy prediction model for nasopharyngeal carcinoma integrating magnetic resonance radiomics and pathomics: a multi-center retrospective study.
BMC Cancer
December 2024
Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
Objective: This study aimed to develop and validate a predictive model for assessing the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) by integrating radiomics and pathomics features using a particle swarm optimization-supported support vector machine (PSO-SVM).
Methods: A retrospective multi-center study was conducted, which included 389 NPC patients who received NACT from three institutions. Radiomics features were extracted from magnetic resonance imaging scans, while pathomics features were derived from histopathological images.
Informal Prenatal Genetic Screening Education: What can you learn from Google and YouTube?
Genet Med Open
February 2024
University of Utah, School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Introduction: The goal of this paper is to explore what online education and decision support tools are freely available to patients about prenatal screening.
Materials And Methods: We 1) conducted an environmental scan using Google Trends to identify and evaluate prenatal screening search terms, 2) created a list of websites and YouTube videos that would be easily accessed by a searcher and 3) characterized the information within those websites and videos, including an examination of their qualities as a decision support tool and a readability analysis.
Results: Fifty websites, containing 62 unique educational resources, and 39 YouTube videos were analyzed.
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