Background: Conventional insulin therapy for diabetes mellitus is sometimes inadequate for controlling metabolic disturbances in young children; the risk of hypoglycemia is particularly high at this age.
Methods: Ten newly-diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetic children aged 1 to 7 years were treated by continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion using a portable pump. The mean duration of treatment was 17 months (4 to 42 months).
Results: The mean individual capillary blood glucose calculated over periods of 6 months ranged from 84 +/- 23 to 206 +/- 97 mg/dl. The glycosylated hemoglobin values were 6.5 to 8.9% during the same period. There was no hypoglycemic coma; 7 children experienced a total of 16 episodes of ketonuria. The average daily dose of insulin used by these 10 patients was 0.72 +/- 0.24 units/kg.
Conclusion: Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion is a feasible therapy and it was well tolerated even in the youngest children. External insulin infusion devices appear to be an alternative to conventional insulin therapy and a way of overcoming the therapeutic difficulties encountered with these young patients.
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