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Genome-wide association study of varenicline-aided smoking cessation.
Nicotine Tob Res
January 2025
Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Introduction: Varenicline is an α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonist with the highest therapeutic efficacy of any pharmacological smoking cessation aid and a 12-month cessation rate of 26%. Genetic variation may be associated with varenicline response, but to date no genome-wide association studies of varenicline response have been published.
Methods: In this study, we investigated the genetic contribution to varenicline effectiveness using two electronic health record-derived phenotypes.
Elevated CA19-9 within the normal range suggests poorer prognosis in stage II CRC: A retrospective analysis of a large sample in a single center.
J Cancer Res Ther
December 2024
Department of Colorectal Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China.
Objective: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) serve as pivotal tumor markers in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, uncertainty persists regarding the prognostic significance of the two tumor markers when falling within the normal range. We attempt to compare the prognostic differences of tumor markers at different levels within the reference range.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRepurposing Licensed Drugs with Activity Against Epstein-Barr Virus for Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Approach.
CNS Drugs
January 2025
School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, 4222, Australia.
Background: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is implicated as a necessary factor in the development of multiple sclerosis (MS) and may also be a driver of disease activity. Although it is not clear whether ongoing viral replication is the driver for MS pathology, MS researchers have considered the prospect of using drugs with potential efficacy against EBV in the treatment of MS. We have undertaken scientific and lived experience expert panel reviews to shortlist existing licensed therapies that could be used in later-stage clinical trials in MS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGanaxolone: A Review in Epileptic Seizures Associated with Cyclin-Dependent Kinase-Like 5 Deficiency Disorder.
Paediatr Drugs
January 2025
Springer Nature, Private Bag 65901, Mairangi Bay, Auckland, 0754, New Zealand.
Oral ganaxolone (ZTALMY), a synthetic analogue of the endogenous neuroactive steroid allopregnanolone, acts as a positive allosteric modulator of synaptic and extra-synaptic γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) type A receptor function in the CNS. In the EU and the UK, it is approved for the adjunctive treatment of epileptic seizures associated with cyclin-dependent kinase-like 5 (CDKL5) deficiency disorder (CDD) in patients aged 2-17 years. In a multinational phase III study (Marigold), 17 weeks' therapy with adjunctive ganaxolone, administered orally three times daily with food, significantly reduced 28-day major motor seizure frequency from baseline versus placebo in patients aged 2-19 years with CDD-associated refractory epilepsy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFContinuous increase in podocyte numbers in the first 36 months of life-insights from forensic autopsies in Japanese children.
Pediatr Nephrol
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan.
Background: Podocyte depletion is a critical factor in glomerulosclerosis development. While podocyte numbers per glomerulus typically decline with age in adults, they are hypothesized to increase during childhood. However, studies on podocyte number progression in childhood have been limited.
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