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Challenges in estimating the counterfactual placebo HIV incidence rate from a registration cohort: The PrEPVacc trial.
Clin Trials
December 2024
Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, London, UK.
Background: There is increasing recognition that the interpretation of active-controlled HIV prevention trials should consider the counterfactual placebo HIV incidence rate, that is, the rate that would have been observed if the trial had included a placebo control arm. The PrEPVacc HIV vaccine and pre-exposure prophylaxis trial (NCT04066881) incorporated a pre-trial registration cohort partly for this purpose. In this article, we describe our attempts to model the counterfactual placebo HIV incidence rate from the registration cohort.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThree-Dimensional (3D) Printing in Non-Industrial Spaces: A Summary of Emissions Evaluations in 11 School Settings.
J Sch Health
January 2025
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Washington, USA.
Background: Additive manufacturing or 3-dimensional (3D) printing is an emerging technology with increasing prevalence in non-industrial settings such as university and school settings. However, printers are often located in spaces not designed for this purpose.
Methods: 3D-printer use in 11 university and K-12 schools was evaluated by identifying emissions using area air sampling for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and particle counting instruments (PCIs) measuring ultrafine particulate (UFP) and evaluating controls to reduce potential exposure.
Oral health disparities in early childhood and intergenerational gaps among noncitizen migrants, Arabs, and Jews in South Tel Aviv, Israel.
Int J Equity Health
January 2025
Tel Aviv Department of Health, Ministry of Health, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Introduction: Disparities in oral health are related to dental care knowledge, domestic oral hygiene practices and socioeconomic status. This cross-sectional study aimed to compare the oral hygiene and dental care practices of migrant, Arab, and Jewish children residing in Tel Aviv, Israel, and assess the influence of parental dental practices.
Methods: Data were collected from parents of children aged 3 to 6 years.
Comparison of occupational diseases development during one decade in the Slovak and Czech Republic.
Cent Eur J Public Health
December 2024
Regional Public Health Authority, Presov, Slovak Republic.
Objectives: An occupational disease (OD) is a disorder or health condition which arises due to work related activities and tasks or is caused by work environment. The impact of ODs on medical and social system may be considered as a very important in relation to mortality, morbidity, and invalidity. The most common ODs in the European Union are musculoskeletal disorders (58% of all ODs in 2015).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntibody responses against influenza A decline with successive years of annual influenza vaccination.
NPJ Vaccines
January 2025
WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Royal Melbourne Hospital, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia.
Influenza vaccine effectiveness and immunogenicity can be compromised with repeated vaccination. We assessed immunological markers in a cohort of healthcare workers (HCW) from six public hospitals around Australia during 2020-2021. Sera were collected pre-vaccination and ~14 and ~180 days post-vaccination and assessed in haemagglutination inhibition assay against egg-grown vaccine and equivalent cell-grown viruses.
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