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Effect of the S100A9/AMPK pathway on PM2.5-mediated mouse lung injury.
Iran J Basic Med Sci
January 2025
Graduate school, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang. No. 146, Huanghe North Street, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.
Objectives: Particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5), particles with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImproving Individualized Salbutamol Treatment: A Population Pharmacokinetic Model for Oral Salbutamol in Virtual Patients.
Pharmaceutics
December 2024
PerMed Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal.
Background: Salbutamol, a short-acting β-agonist used in asthma treatment, is available in multiple formulations, including inhalers, nebulizers, oral tablets, and intravenous, intramuscular, and subcutaneous routes. Each formulation exhibits distinct pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) profiles, influencing therapeutic outcomes and adverse effects. Although asthma management predominantly relies on inhaled salbutamol, understanding how these formulations interact with patient-specific characteristics could improve personalized medicine approaches, potentially uncovering the therapeutic benefits of alternative formulations for an individual patient.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDevelopment of intestinal organoids and microphysiological systems and their application to drug discovery.
Drug Metab Pharmacokinet
December 2024
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Japan. Electronic address:
The intestines are an important organ with a variety of functions. For drug discovery research, experimental animals and Caco-2 cells derived from a human colon carcinoma may be used to evaluate the absorption and safety of orally administered drugs. These systems have issues, such as species differences with humans in experimental animals, variations in gene expression patterns, very low drug-metabolizing activities in Caco-2 cells, and the recent trend toward reduced animal testing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of nutritional stress and serum starvation on the optical absorbance of normal and malignant epithelial cell lines.
Lasers Med Sci
January 2025
Post Graduate Program in Medicine-Biophotonics, Nove de Julho University / UNINOVE, São Paulo, Brazil.
This brief report aimed to investigate the optical absorbance spectra of normal, dysplastic, and malignant epithelial cell lines under normal and nutritional stress conditions. HaCAT (keratinocyte), DOK (oral dysplastic), and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines (CA1, Luc4, SCC9) were evaluated regarding their optical absorbance after culture with 0-10% fetal bovine serum. Absorbance measurements indicated that HaCAT under serum starvation exhibited higher absorbance at blue (430 nm) and near-infrared (906 nm) wavelengths.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCombination Oxylanthanum Carbonate and Tenapanor Lowers Urinary Phosphate Excretion in Rats.
Kidney360
January 2025
Unicycive Therapeutics, Los Altos, CA, United States.
Background: This study evaluated the combined effects of oxylanthanum carbonate (OLC), an investigational phosphate binder, and tenapanor, an approved sodium/hydrogen exchanger 3 (NHE3) inhibitor that reduces paracellular phosphate absorption, on urinary phosphate excretion in rats on a high phosphorus diet.
Methods: Sixty-four male Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into eight groups: vehicle; tenapanor (0.15 mg/kg) only; OLC (0.
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