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Article Synopsis
  • - Hemorrhage is the main cause of preventable death in trauma situations, leading to military and civilian advancements in medical practices, particularly through the use of tourniquets to manage extremity bleeding and save lives.
  • - While tourniquets have significantly decreased deaths from bleeding in military settings, noncompressible hemorrhage still poses a major risk, especially before patients receive definitive medical care.
  • - The study explores using a small, disposable pressure monitor during resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) to enhance blood pressure monitoring, facilitate better resuscitation practices, and reduce the need for blood products in extreme environments.
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Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) mostly occurs in crowded public places outside hospitals, such as public sports facilities, airports, railway stations, subway stations, and shopping malls. The emergency department of Liaocheng People's Hospital in Shandong Province admitted one patient with OHCA in August 2021, who suddenly suffered a loss of consciousness and cardiac arrest during exercise after dinner. Witnesses immediately gave continuous chest compressions and artificial respiration and called our hospital's emergency department (at 120).

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Peripheral venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is increasingly being used in patients suffering from refractory cardiogenic shock (CS). Although considered life-saving, peripheral VA-ECMO may also be responsible for intracardiac hemodynamic changes, including left ventricular overload and dysfunction. Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation may also increase myocardial wall stress and stroke work, possibly affecting the cellular cardioprotective and apoptosis signaling pathways, and thus the infarct size.

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Background: Traumatic tracheal rupture is a severe closed chest injury that often causes major respiratory and circulatory disturbances requiring emergency surgery. We have found that veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) employs lung-protective ventilation strategies to facilitate lung rest, aiming to minimize the risk of ventilator-induced lung injury, while ensuring adequate oxygenation.

Case Description: We presented 3 critically ill patients who presented with traumatic bronchial rupture between 2019 and 2021, and underwent emergency thoracic surgery with the help of VV-ECMO.

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Article Synopsis
  • Cardiolipin is crucial for mitochondrial function and is impacted by VA-ECMO, which is used in treating acute myocardial infarction, but its effects on heart damage are not well understood.
  • The study found that both human patients requiring VA-ECMO and healthy swine subjected to this treatment showed significantly lower levels of cardiolipin and the enzyme tafazzin, indicating potential detrimental effects on the heart.
  • Importantly, VA-ECMO increased heart damage during ischemia/reperfusion, evidenced by a larger infarct size in swine, suggesting that depleting cardiolipin during treatment may worsen myocardial injury.
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