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Facilitating Intracellular Electron Bifurcation by Mediating Flavin-Based Extracellular and Transmembrane Electron Transfer: A Novel Role of Pyrogenic Carbon in Dark Fermentation for Hydrogen Production.
Environ Sci Technol
October 2024
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong 999077, China.
Pyrogenic carbon is considered an enhancer to H-yielding dark fermentation (DF), but little is known about how it regulates extracellular electron transfer (EET) and influences transmembrane respiratory chains and intracellular metabolisms. This study addressed these knowledge gaps and demonstrated that wood waste pyrogenic carbon (biochar) could significantly improve the DF performance; e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFMN site-independent energy-linked reverse electron transfer in mitochondrial respiratory complex I.
FEBS Lett
July 2018
Department of Biochemistry, School of Biology, Moscow State University, Russia.
A simple assay procedure for measuring ATP-dependent reverse electron transfer from ubiquinol to hexaammineruthenium (III) (HAR) catalyzed by mitochondrial respiratory complex I is introduced. The specific activity of the enzyme in this reaction and its sensitivity to the standard inhibitors and uncoupling are the same as with other well-known electron acceptors, NAD and ferricyanide. In contrast to the reactions with these acceptors, the energy-dependent HAR reduction is not inhibited by NADH-OH, the specific inhibitor of NADH-binding site.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFatty acid synthase inhibitors induce apoptosis in non-tumorigenic melan-a cells associated with inhibition of mitochondrial respiration.
PLoS One
November 2015
Departamento de Patologia Clínica, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
The metabolic enzyme fatty acid synthase (FASN) is responsible for the endogenous synthesis of palmitate, a saturated long-chain fatty acid. In contrast to most normal tissues, a variety of human cancers overexpress FASN. One such cancer is cutaneous melanoma, in which the level of FASN expression is associated with tumor invasion and poor prognosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlutamate dehydrogenases: the why and how of coenzyme specificity.
Neurochem Res
November 2014
School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland,
NAD(+) and NADP(+), chemically similar and with almost identical standard oxidation-reduction potentials, nevertheless have distinct roles, NAD(+) serving catabolism and ATP generation whereas NADPH is the biosynthetic reductant. Separating these roles requires strict specificity for one or the other coenzyme for most dehydrogenases. In many organisms this holds also for glutamate dehydrogenases (GDH), NAD(+)-dependent for glutamate oxidation, NADP(+)-dependent for fixing ammonia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of plant flavonoids on Manduca sexta (tobacco hornworm) fifth larval instar midgut and fat body mitochondrial transhydrogenase.
Arch Insect Biochem Physiol
June 2012
Department of Biology, Houghton College, Houghton, New York 14744, USA.
The reversible, membrane-associated transhydrogenase that catalyzes hydride-ion transfer between NADP(H) and NAD(H) was evaluated and compared to the corresponding NADH oxidase and succinate dehydrogenase activities in midgut and fat body mitochondria from fifth larval instar Manduca sexta. The developmentally significant NADPH-forming transhydrogenation occurs as a nonenergy- or energy-linked activity with energy for the latter derived from either electron transport-dependent NADH or succinate utilization, or ATP hydrolysis by Mg++-dependent ATPase. In general, the plant flavonoids examined (chyrsin, juglone, morine, quercetin, and myricetin) affected all reactions in a dose-dependent fashion.
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